Common Side Effects of Chlorophyll Supplements
Chlorophyll supplements, typically sold as chlorophyllin, are generally considered non-toxic but are not without potential side effects, particularly when taken in large doses. For most people, these reactions are mild and resolve on their own once supplementation is stopped or the dose is reduced.
Digestive Discomfort
The most frequently reported bad reactions to oral chlorophyllin are related to the digestive system. These can include:
- Diarrhea: An increased frequency of loose stools is a common complaint, especially when starting a new regimen.
- Nausea and Stomach Cramps: Some users experience feelings of queasiness or abdominal pain after taking the supplement.
Benign Discoloration
Because of its intense green pigment, concentrated chlorophyll can cause temporary but startling discoloration of bodily fluids and surfaces. While harmless, this can be alarming if unexpected:
- Greenish-Colored Stools and Urine: This is one of the most common side effects and can sometimes be mistaken for gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Yellow or Black Tongue: In some cases, oral supplements can cause temporary discoloration of the tongue.
Skin Reactions
When applied topically, chlorophyll-containing products can also cause adverse reactions.
- Mild Itching or Burning: This sensation can occur on the skin, and a patch test on a small area is recommended before widespread use.
More Serious and Less Common Reactions
Beyond the typical and mild side effects, there are more serious considerations to be aware of when taking chlorophyll supplements.
Allergic Reactions
Although rare, an allergic reaction to chlorophyllin is possible. Symptoms can range from mild skin issues to more severe, life-threatening responses. Signs of an allergic reaction may include:
- Hives or a rash
- Swelling of the face, tongue, or throat
- Trouble breathing or chest tightness
Photosensitivity
Chlorophyll can increase the skin's sensitivity to sunlight, a condition known as photosensitivity. This heightens the risk of sunburn, blistering, or rashes upon sun exposure. It is crucial for users, especially those with fair skin, to wear broad-spectrum sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors.
Drug Interactions
Chlorophyll can potentially interact with certain medications, affecting their efficacy or increasing the risk of side effects. One notable example is the immunosuppressant and chemotherapy drug methotrexate, where chlorophyll could slow down its removal from the body, increasing toxicity. Individuals on any long-term medication should consult a healthcare provider before starting chlorophyll.
Copper Toxicity
Chlorophyllin supplements, the semi-synthetic version of chlorophyll, often contain copper. Overconsumption, especially over a prolonged period, could potentially lead to an excessive buildup of copper in the body, which can be toxic.
Natural Chlorophyll vs. Chlorophyllin Supplements
It is important to understand the fundamental differences between the natural chlorophyll found in green vegetables and the supplemental version, chlorophyllin.
| Feature | Natural Chlorophyll (from foods) | Chlorophyllin (from supplements) |
|---|---|---|
| Source | Found naturally in green plants like spinach, kale, and broccoli. | A semi-synthetic, water-soluble form derived from chlorophyll, often with copper. |
| Toxicity | Not known to be toxic, even in large amounts. | Can cause side effects, especially in high doses. |
| Absorption | May not be as readily absorbed by the body during digestion. | More easily absorbed by the body due to its water-soluble nature. |
| Side Effects | Not associated with adverse side effects. | Can cause GI issues, photosensitivity, and allergic reactions. |
| Research | Benefits are largely associated with a diet rich in green vegetables. | Scientific evidence for health claims is limited and often anecdotal. |
How to Reduce the Risk of Bad Reactions
If you choose to use chlorophyll supplements, consider these strategies to minimize potential adverse effects:
- Start with a low dose and gradually increase it to see how your body reacts.
- Choose a high-quality product from a reputable brand that is independently tested by a third party like USP or NSF.
- Discontinue use immediately if you experience any signs of an allergic reaction and seek medical help.
- Be aware of increased sun sensitivity and use proper sun protection.
- Consider getting chlorophyll from whole foods rather than relying solely on supplements.
Conclusion
While chlorophyll is a natural pigment, taking it in supplement form as chlorophyllin can lead to a range of bad reactions, from common digestive issues and skin irritation to less frequent but more serious allergic responses and drug interactions. Consumers should be aware that the evidence supporting many of the health claims for chlorophyll supplements is limited. The best way to get chlorophyll is through a diet rich in green vegetables, which also provides a host of other beneficial nutrients. For anyone considering a supplement, a consultation with a healthcare provider is essential, particularly for those with pre-existing conditions or those taking other medications. A great resource for dietary factors and phytochemicals is the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University.
