What is Sandwich Protocol? A Guide to Crypto Front-Running Attacks
                                
                                
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                                    4 min read                                
                            
                                According to blockchain analytics firm EigenPhi, sandwich attacks ranked as the second most popular MEV (Maximal Extractable Value) activity in early 2024, with transactions totaling billions of dollars in volume. This statistic reveals the significant threat posed by these invisible market manipulations in decentralized finance (DeFi), where sophisticated bots exploit transaction ordering to profit at a user's expense.