Category: Cardiovascular system

According to the American Heart Association, a normal resting heart rate for adults ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute, but factors like stress, caffeine, and nutrient deficiencies can cause it to rise. Understanding what vitamins lower your heart rate and support overall cardiovascular function is crucial for maintaining a healthy rhythm.

The human body contains an extensive network of microscopic blood vessels called capillaries, which are responsible for the critical exchange of substances at the cellular level. As the smallest blood vessels, what do blood capillaries absorb from the surrounding tissues, and how is this process regulated? This article will explore the complex mechanisms that govern capillary absorption and exchange, detailing the specific substances involved.

While many people rely on coffee for a morning energy boost, few realize that its active compound, caffeine, has a complex and sometimes paradoxical effect on the cardiovascular system. So, is coffee a vasoconstrictor? The answer is not a simple yes or no, as its impact on blood flow depends on multiple factors, including dosage, location in the body, and individual tolerance.