Category: Sustainable technology

Over 70% of the world's cobalt supply originates from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), creating a highly concentrated and geopolitically sensitive market. This reality, coupled with cobalt’s indispensable properties in modern applications, forces the urgent question: is cobalt essential?

In a recent breakthrough, Swiss scientists developed a 'living battery' using fungi and nanotechnology, capable of producing eco-friendly electricity from sugars. This innovative development raises a crucial question: what is the fungus for energy, and how can these versatile microorganisms provide sustainable power for our future needs?

Plants naturally produce starch to store excess glucose, and research is now exploring if this biological process can be replicated or adapted for modern power systems. Yes, modified starch can be used for energy storage as a key component in emerging green electrochemical devices like batteries and supercapacitors. Scientists are developing novel applications for this abundant biopolymer to create more sustainable and biodegradable energy storage solutions for the future.

In 2019, hydroelectric power accounted for over 18% of the world's total power generation capacity, making it a leading source of renewable energy. This article explores the various methods that explain how to create energy through water, detailing the technologies behind harnessing this powerful, renewable resource.

Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer on Earth, yet humans cannot digest it. While this structural component of plants has long been inaccessible as a food source, a significant biotechnological question emerged: can you convert cellulose to starch? Recent scientific breakthroughs have shown that this conversion is indeed possible through innovative enzymatic processes.

Over 90% of all plant matter is composed of cellulose, a primary structural component that provides rigidity and strength to cell walls. While raw cellulose does not function as a conventional adhesive, it can be chemically modified into various high-performance adhesives, and specialized forms like nanocellulose can exhibit inherent bonding properties.

Global production of Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) surpassed 140 million tons in 2024, confirming that DRI is used around the world as a critical input for steelmaking. This technology is expanding beyond its traditional hubs to meet increasing global demand for cleaner, high-quality steel.