Understanding Rennet in Cheese
Rennet is a complex of enzymes used in cheesemaking to coagulate milk, separating it into solid curds and liquid whey. For millennia, rennet was sourced exclusively from the stomachs of young, milk-fed ruminants like calves. However, this practice is a concern for vegetarians who avoid animal-derived products. In recent decades, alternative sources have become widely available, leading to three main types of rennet: animal, microbial, and fermentation-produced chymosin (FPC).
- Animal Rennet: Extracted from the stomach lining of young calves, goats, or lambs. Many traditional and aged cheeses use animal rennet for its distinct flavor profile.
- Microbial Rennet: A vegetarian substitute derived from specific fungi or molds, such as Rhizomucor miehei. It is a reliable and cost-effective alternative for many cheese types.
- Fermentation-Produced Chymosin (FPC): A modern, high-tech option created by inserting the gene for calf chymosin into microorganisms like yeast or bacteria. These microbes then produce the enzyme, resulting in a product identical to animal chymosin but with a vegetarian origin.
The Breakdown of Kraft Cheese Products
For consumers, especially vegetarians, understanding which type of rennet is used in Kraft products can be confusing. The company produces a vast range of cheeses, and the ingredient list is key to navigating the options. However, labels are not always perfectly clear, sometimes simply listing "enzymes". Below is a detailed look at some common Kraft products and their rennet status.
Kraft Singles and Processed Cheeses
For many popular processed cheeses, including Kraft Singles and Deli Deluxe slices, the company has historically used animal-derived enzymes. Ingredients for American cheese singles, for example, often simply list "enzymes," which, based on multiple accounts, may be animal-sourced. The best practice is to check the specific package for confirmation or seek products explicitly labeled as vegetarian-friendly. The Kraft Heinz company, through its joint venture with TheNotCompany, has recently introduced plant-based alternatives, such as "NotCheese," which do not contain any rennet at all.
Kraft Macaroni & Cheese
Despite being a popular pantry staple, Kraft's boxed Macaroni & Cheese varieties have also been associated with animal-derived enzymes. Statements from Kraft representatives have confirmed that the enzymes in the cheese mix for their Macaroni & Cheese come from animals (calves and sheep). This means that the classic comfort food is not suitable for most vegetarians.
Cheeses Made with Microbial Rennet
On the other hand, some of Kraft's products are confirmed to be vegetarian-friendly. These are often labeled specifically with "microbial rennet" or are known to use a non-animal coagulant. Examples include:
- Philadelphia Cream Cheese: Both the block and tub varieties are made with microbial rennet and are suitable for vegetarians.
- Kraft Natural Swiss Cheese: According to information provided by the company, their Natural Swiss product uses microbial rennet.
- Kraft Grated Parmesan Cheese: While traditional Parmigiano-Reggiano uses animal rennet, the mass-market Kraft Grated Parmesan often uses microbial rennet. It is essential to check the specific label, as some versions have been found to contain animal-sourced enzymes.
Navigating Ambiguous Labels
When a Kraft product's label simply lists "enzymes" without specifying the source, it is safest to assume they may be animal-derived, especially for hard or aged cheeses. This ambiguity often exists to allow the company flexibility in sourcing ingredients for large-scale production. The lack of a specific label, such as "microbial enzymes," is a strong indicator that the product may not be vegetarian.
Animal vs. Microbial Rennet in Cheese Production
To better understand the differences and their implications for consumers, here is a comparison of animal and microbial rennet.
| Feature | Animal Rennet | Microbial Rennet |
|---|---|---|
| Source | Stomach lining of young ruminant animals (calves, goats) | Specific fungi or molds (Rhizomucor miehei) |
| Suitability for Vegetarians | Not suitable for vegetarians | Suitable for vegetarians |
| Flavor Profile | Known for producing traditional and complex flavors, especially in aged cheeses | Generally does not impart a bitter flavor, but some may detect slight differences in aged cheeses |
| Consistency | Can have natural variations, though modern production methods have standardized it | Highly consistent in quality and strength due to controlled fermentation processes |
| Cost | More expensive and limited in supply, as it is a byproduct of the meat industry | More economical and readily available for large-scale production |
Conclusion: The Final Word on Kraft Cheese and Rennet
The question of whether Kraft cheese contains rennet is not a simple yes or no. The answer is highly dependent on the specific product. While many of Kraft's processed and mac & cheese products contain animal-derived rennet, others, like Philadelphia Cream Cheese and certain Swiss varieties, are made with microbial rennet. For vegetarians, the most reliable strategy is to carefully read the ingredient list on every product and look for the explicit mention of "microbial rennet" or a vegetarian label. Avoid products that simply list "enzymes" if you want to ensure it is vegetarian-friendly. The good news is that the availability of alternatives is growing, and with careful attention to labels, it is possible to find many Kraft options that align with a vegetarian diet. For more information on the different types of rennet used in cheesemaking, visit the Wisconsin Cheese site.
Important Considerations for Vegetarian Consumers
- Read the Label: The ingredient list is the single most important tool for determining the rennet source. Look for "microbial enzymes" or similar terms.
- Assume Animal Source for Ambiguous Labels: If a Kraft product simply says "enzymes," it is prudent for vegetarians to assume the source is animal-derived.
- Recognize Product Specificity: Do not assume that because one Kraft product is vegetarian, all of them are. Check each item individually.
- Explore Plant-Based Options: For strict avoidance, the new plant-based products from the Kraft Heinz Not Company venture are a guaranteed rennet-free choice.
- Be Aware of Regional Differences: Ingredients and sourcing can vary by country, so always check the label for the region you are in.
Final Recommendations for Vegetarians
For vegetarians who consume dairy, the decision depends on their comfort level with potential animal-sourced ingredients. Those who are strict about avoiding all animal byproducts should stick to products that explicitly state they are made with microbial rennet. Consumers who are unsure can contact the Kraft Heinz Consumer Advisory Service, as ingredient transparency has been a point of past confusion for many.
