Does omega-3 help with gastritis? The anti-inflammatory link

October 16, 2025 •

4 min read

Research indicates that omega-3 fatty acids possess potent anti-inflammatory properties that may benefit gastrointestinal health. In this guide, we investigate the question, 'Does omega-3 help with gastritis?', by exploring its potential protective mechanisms and proper dietary use.

Quick Summary

Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA and DHA from fish oil, exhibit anti-inflammatory effects that can aid in reducing stomach inflammation associated with gastritis. They protect the gastric mucosa and may help counteract damage from common causes, including H. pylori.

Key Points

Reduces Inflammation: Omega-3 fatty acids, especially EPA and DHA, help lower inflammation in the stomach lining by producing less inflammatory signaling molecules.
Protects Gastric Mucosa: They aid in strengthening the stomach's protective barrier and can counteract damage caused by NSAIDs, alcohol, and stress.
Fights H. pylori: Omega-3s have shown antimicrobial effects against the bacterium H. pylori, a common cause of gastritis and ulcers, helping to reduce associated inflammation.
Supports Gut Microbiota: Omega-3 intake can increase beneficial gut bacteria and improve microbial diversity, which is crucial for overall gut health and fighting inflammation.
Not a Standalone Cure: While beneficial, omega-3 supplements are a supportive therapy and not a replacement for a doctor-prescribed treatment plan for gastritis.
Food vs. Supplements: Getting omega-3s from food sources like fatty fish is recommended, but supplements can be used under medical guidance.
Requires Medical Consultation: High doses of omega-3s can have side effects and may interact with medications, so always consult a healthcare provider.

Gastritis is a common condition characterized by inflammation of the stomach lining, known as the gastric mucosa. This inflammation can arise from various factors, including infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria, excessive alcohol consumption, and regular use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Managing gastritis often involves dietary changes to reduce inflammation and promote healing. This is where omega-3 fatty acids come into the spotlight, offering a potential nutritional strategy to support stomach health.

The anti-inflammatory power of omega-3s

Omega-3 fatty acids are a class of polyunsaturated fats with well-documented anti-inflammatory effects throughout the body. The two most biologically active forms are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), primarily found in fatty fish. Their anti-inflammatory action is rooted in their effect on cellular signaling pathways.

The role of eicosanoids

Eicosanoids are signaling molecules that play a central role in inflammation. They are derived from fatty acids in the cell membrane. The body typically produces pro-inflammatory eicosanoids from omega-6 fatty acids, like arachidonic acid (AA). When omega-3 fatty acids (EPA) are present, they compete with AA, leading to the production of less inflammatory eicosanoids, effectively reducing the overall inflammatory response. A high dietary ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 has been linked to increased inflammation-related disorders.

Resolvins and protectins

In addition to modulating eicosanoid production, EPA and DHA are precursors to specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), such as resolvins and protectins. These compounds actively help resolve inflammation rather than just suppressing it. They work by reprogramming immune cells, reducing cytokine production, and enhancing tissue repair, making them beneficial for a condition like gastritis, where tissue damage and inflammation are central problems.

How omega-3s protect the stomach lining

Omega-3s can offer a multi-faceted approach to protecting and healing the gastric mucosa.

Shielding against H. pylori

H. pylori infection is a major cause of gastritis and ulcers. Research has shown that omega-3s, particularly DHA, possess antimicrobial properties that can inhibit the growth and colonization of H. pylori in the stomach. While omega-3 supplementation alone is not an effective eradication therapy, it may help reduce the inflammation caused by the bacteria.

Protecting from NSAID-induced damage

NSAIDs are notorious for causing gastric damage and gastritis by inhibiting protective prostaglandins. Animal studies have demonstrated that omega-3 administration can significantly reduce gastric mucosal damage induced by NSAIDs like indomethacin. The omega-3s work by protecting the mucosal barrier and restoring protective factors.

Boosting mucosal integrity and antioxidants

Omega-3s contribute to the stomach's natural defense mechanisms. Studies show they can increase levels of nitric oxide, a molecule that helps maintain mucosal blood flow and integrity, and boost the activity of antioxidant enzymes like glutathione peroxidase. This helps counteract the oxidative stress and cellular damage that can worsen gastritis.

Omega-3 vs. NSAIDs: a comparison for gastritis management

For individuals with gastritis, understanding the different effects of anti-inflammatory agents is crucial. Here is a comparison between omega-3 fatty acids and NSAIDs.


Feature	Omega-3 (from diet/supplements)	NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen)
Primary Action	Anti-inflammatory, modulates inflammatory pathways.	Directly blocks inflammatory enzymes (COX).
Speed of Effect	Gradual, long-term effect (weeks to months).	Rapid, acute relief.
Effect on Gastric Mucosa	Protects and strengthens the mucosal barrier.	Can damage mucosal lining by inhibiting protective prostaglandins.
Risk of GI Side Effects	Low risk; possible mild GI upset in high doses.	High risk; common cause of gastritis and ulcers.
Best For	Long-term management of chronic inflammation.	Acute pain relief, short-term use.
Safety with Long-term Use	Generally considered safe, though high doses require medical supervision.	Not recommended due to significant gastrointestinal and cardiovascular risks.

Omega-3 sources and supplementation considerations

Incorporating sufficient omega-3s into your diet is a key strategy for managing gastritis. They can be obtained from both dietary sources and supplements.

Food sources

Fatty fish: Salmon, sardines, mackerel, trout, tuna, and herring are excellent sources of EPA and DHA.
Plant-based sources: Flaxseeds, chia seeds, walnuts, and soybeans provide ALA, which the body can convert to EPA and DHA, albeit inefficiently.
Algae-based supplements: Vegan-friendly sources of preformed EPA and DHA are available from algae.

Supplementation considerations

While omega-3s are generally recognized for their health benefits, any decision to use them for gastritis should involve a discussion with a healthcare provider. They can help determine if supplementation is appropriate for your individual needs and how it might fit into your overall treatment plan. To minimize potential gastrointestinal side effects like bloating or heartburn, splitting the daily intake or taking it with food may be recommended. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen, especially if you are on blood thinners or have other underlying health conditions.

Conclusion: the place of omega-3 in gastritis management

Overall, the evidence suggests that omega-3 fatty acids can play a supportive role in managing gastritis due to their potent anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective effects. They work by modulating the inflammatory process, protecting the stomach lining from various stressors (including NSAIDs and H. pylori), and positively influencing the gut microbiome. However, it is crucial to remember that omega-3s are not a standalone cure. They are best used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes dietary adjustments and, when necessary, conventional medical treatments prescribed by a healthcare professional.

For more detailed information on the biochemical pathways of omega-3s and their effects on inflammation, consult authoritative resources like the National Institutes of Health. Always discuss your dietary and supplement plan with a doctor to ensure it is safe and appropriate for your specific health needs.

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, fish oil contains the active omega-3s (EPA and DHA) that have anti-inflammatory properties and may help reduce stomach lining inflammation and support healing. However, some people experience mild gastrointestinal side effects, so it's wise to discuss this with your healthcare provider.

There is no official recommendation specifically for gastritis. General health guidelines discuss daily intake. For any therapeutic use, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional to determine an appropriate approach for your specific condition.

While generally safe, some people may experience minor gastrointestinal side effects from fish oil supplements, such as burping, bloating, heartburn, or diarrhea. Discussing how to manage potential effects is important.

Omega-3s and NSAIDs have different mechanisms and speeds of action. Omega-3s provide a gradual, long-term anti-inflammatory effect and protect the stomach, while NSAIDs offer rapid, acute pain relief but can damage the gastric mucosa. Omega-3s may be a consideration for long-term management of chronic inflammation, but acute pain requires careful management with a doctor.

Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly DHA, have demonstrated antimicrobial effects that inhibit the growth and colonization of H. pylori bacteria in animal studies. They also help reduce the inflammatory response triggered by the infection.

Good food sources include fatty fish like salmon and sardines, as well as plant-based options such as flaxseeds, chia seeds, and walnuts. These foods can be part of an anti-inflammatory diet that supports digestive health.

Yes, maintaining a balanced ratio is important. Western diets often have a high omega-6 to omega-3 ratio, which promotes inflammation. Increasing omega-3 intake helps balance this ratio, creating a more favorable environment for reducing inflammation and supporting gut health.

Yes, through their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, omega-3s can contribute to the healing process of the gastric mucosa. They support the production of protective substances and help reduce the oxidative stress that can cause damage.