What is Plumpy'Nut?
Plumpy'Nut is a high-energy, ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) designed specifically for the nutritional rehabilitation of individuals suffering from severe acute malnutrition (SAM). It is a peanut-based paste, enriched with essential vitamins and minerals, that provides a concentrated source of calories and nutrients needed for recovery. Unlike earlier treatments that required hospitalisation and extensive preparation, Plumpy'Nut's easy-to-use format has made outpatient, home-based treatment possible and highly effective.
Medical Supervision and Prescription
It is crucial to understand that Plumpy'Nut is a medical treatment, not a general food product or snack. Its use must be initiated and overseen by a trained health and nutrition professional after a diagnosis of severe acute malnutrition has been confirmed. Patients, especially children, require regular medical check-ups to monitor progress and adjust the treatment plan as needed.
Step-by-Step Instructions for Taking Plumpy'Nut
Following these steps ensures safe and effective administration:
1. Preparation and Hygiene
Before handling Plumpy'Nut, caregivers must wash their hands thoroughly with soap and clean water to prevent contamination. While the product's low water activity inhibits bacterial growth, maintaining hygiene is always a priority, especially when dealing with vulnerable, malnourished individuals. Knead the unopened sachet to ensure the contents are well-mixed before opening.
2. Opening the Sachet
Plumpy'Nut sachets are designed for easy use. Simply tear off one corner of the sachet to create an opening.
3. Consumption
The paste is consumed directly from the sachet. It does not require any prior cooking or dilution with water. Diluting the paste is strictly prohibited as it can introduce contaminants and reduce the energy density, making the treatment less effective. The child can eat the paste on their own, guided by a caregiver.
4. Providing Water
Always offer plenty of clean, safe drinking water alongside Plumpy'Nut. Water is essential for proper hydration and to help the individual swallow the thick paste.
5. Managing Open Sachets
Once opened, a sachet of Plumpy'Nut should be consumed within 24 hours to maintain its quality and safety.
Who Should and Should Not Take Plumpy'Nut
Target Population
Plumpy'Nut is intended for the following groups under medical supervision:
- Children aged 6 months and older who have been diagnosed with severe acute malnutrition (SAM), have a good appetite, and no medical complications.
- Adults suffering from severe acute malnutrition.
Important Contraindications
Plumpy'Nut should not be given to:
- Healthy individuals: Consuming this high-calorie therapeutic food when not needed can lead to an overdose of nutrients, potentially causing health issues like kidney strain, and deprives those who need it.
- Infants under 6 months: Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for infants under 6 months. A different, specific regimen is required if they suffer from malnutrition.
- Individuals with allergies: Due to its peanut and milk content, it is contraindicated for people with allergies to these ingredients.
- Individuals with medical complications: Children with SAM and medical complications (e.g., severe oedema, infections) require initial stabilisation in a medical facility before starting outpatient RUTF therapy.
Comparison of Malnutrition Treatments
| Feature | Plumpy'Nut (RUTF) | Therapeutic Milks (F-75, F-100) |
|---|---|---|
| Preparation | None; ready-to-use from the sachet | Requires mixing with water, often in a clinical setting |
| Administration | Can be done at home under supervision | Primarily administered in therapeutic feeding centres |
| Risk of Contamination | Low risk; sealed, oil-based paste | Higher risk of contamination due to water mixing |
| Target Stage of SAM | Rehabilitation phase; outpatient care | Initial stabilization phase; inpatient care |
| Logistics | Easy to store, transport, and distribute | More complex due to need for clean water and refrigeration |
Storage and Handling Best Practices
Proper storage is essential to maintain the product's effectiveness and safety:
- Store Plumpy'Nut below 30°C (86°F) in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.
- Do not stack cartons too high, as this can damage the sachets.
- After opening, the sachet must be finished within 24 hours.
- If the paste shows signs of spoilage, such as a rancid smell or change in colour, do not consume it.
- Never use a knife to open the carton to avoid puncturing the individual sachets.
Conclusion
Plumpy'Nut remains a groundbreaking tool in the fight against severe acute malnutrition, offering a practical and effective way to treat patients at home. However, its effectiveness relies entirely on correct usage. Caregivers must follow the prescription, adhere to strict hygiene standards, and never dilute the product. By understanding and following these guidelines, Plumpy'Nut can continue its life-saving work, helping those most in need to recover their health and vitality. For further information and detailed guidelines, consult official sources like the World Health Organization and Nutriset.
Additional Resources
For more detailed information on the technical specifications and use of Plumpy'Nut, refer to the official data sheet from Nutriset, the developer of the product. Official Nutriset Product Page
