The Core Confusion: Which "Ribbon Plant" Do You Have?
The term "ribbon plant" is a source of widespread misunderstanding because it's used for at least two different plant species with opposing toxicity profiles. One is the non-toxic spider plant ($Chlorophytum comosum$), a popular and safe houseplant, while the other is the potentially toxic Dracaena species, which can cause illness if ingested by pets or humans. To determine if your ribbon plant is edible, you must first confirm its botanical identity.
The Non-Toxic Ribbon Plant ($Chlorophytum comosum$)
Commonly known as the spider plant, this is the version of the ribbon plant that is widely considered non-toxic for both humans and pets. This plant is native to Africa and is beloved for its striped, arching foliage and the "spiderettes" or plantlets that grow on long stems.
- Appearance: Long, slender, arching leaves that are green with a creamy white stripe down the center. Small, white flowers on long, wiry stems.
- Propagation: Produces offshoots or plantlets that can be easily rooted in water or soil.
- Safety: While non-toxic, consuming large quantities can cause mild gastrointestinal upset due to the fiber content. For cats, the plant is mildly hallucinogenic, which is why they are often attracted to it.
The Potentially Toxic Ribbon Plant ($Dracaena$ spp.)
Some species of Dracaena are also referred to as ribbon plants. The most common of these is the corn plant ($Dracaena fragrans$), which has a distinctly different growth habit from the spider plant.
- Appearance: Can be grown as a smaller houseplant or a small tree with a thick, woody stem. The leaves are strappy and broad, and some varieties have a yellow stripe.
- Toxicity: Contains saponins, which are toxic to both dogs and cats. Ingestion can lead to symptoms such as vomiting (sometimes with blood), depression, and hypersalivation. In cats, it can also cause dilated pupils.
- Safety: Should be kept away from pets. If you have a Dracaena and a curious pet, place it in a location that is impossible for the animal to reach.
Other "Ribbon Plants" to Consider
It's important to note that other plants are sometimes casually called "ribbon plant," but are not common houseplants. For example, some sources mention the leaves of the Ribbon Bush ($Hypoestes aristata$), a South African native, are eaten as a vegetable in certain areas. However, this is not a common practice for the average homeowner and highlights the importance of precise identification.
Comparison of Common "Ribbon Plant" Varieties
To help differentiate, here is a table comparing the two most common plants called "ribbon plant." This will help you determine if your plant is edible or not.
| Feature | Spider Plant ($Chlorophytum comosum$) | Dracaena spp. (Ribbon Plant, Corn Plant) |
|---|---|---|
| Toxicity | Non-toxic to humans and pets. | Toxic to dogs and cats due to saponins. |
| Leaves | Slender, arching leaves, often with a white stripe down the center. | Broad, strappy leaves that can be solid or variegated. |
| Growth Habit | Grows from a central crown, with plantlets hanging from trailing stems. | Grows from a thick, woody stem or cane; can grow into a small tree. |
| Propagation | Easily propagates via offshoots or "spiderettes". | Usually propagated by stem cuttings. |
| Common Use | Hanging baskets, shelves, and tabletops. | Floor plants and decorative accents. |
Pet Safety and Misidentification
For pet owners, the misidentification of these plants can be particularly dangerous. While the spider plant is a safe option for households with cats and dogs, the Dracaena is not. A cat that enjoys chewing on a safe spider plant may be tempted by a similar-looking Dracaena, with potentially harmful results. This is why confirming the plant's identity is the first and most critical step.
Best Practices for Homeowners:
- Accurate Identification: If you are unsure which plant you have, assume it is potentially toxic and keep it away from pets and children.
- Source Verification: When buying a new plant, confirm the botanical name with the nursery or seller.
- Observe Pet Behavior: Watch for signs of illness in your pets, such as vomiting, lethargy, or dilated pupils, and contact a veterinarian or poison control immediately if you suspect they have ingested a toxic plant.
The Air-Purifying Benefits
Regardless of its edibility, the non-toxic spider plant is known for its air-purifying qualities. Studies, including those by NASA, have shown that this plant can effectively remove common indoor air pollutants such as formaldehyde and benzene. This makes the spider plant an excellent choice for improving the air quality in your home, especially in offices or other confined spaces. Other non-toxic species, like the non-toxic ribbon bush, may offer different benefits.
Conclusion: Clarity is Key
The simple question "is ribbon plant edible?" has a complicated answer due to shared common names. For the common, variegated spider plant ($Chlorophytum comosum$), the answer is a qualified "yes, it's non-toxic," though it's not meant for consumption. However, for the Dracaena varieties also called ribbon plants, the answer is a firm "no, it is toxic to pets and should not be consumed." Accurate identification is the only way to ensure the safety of your family and pets. Always research the botanical name of any houseplant before bringing it home to avoid potentially dangerous confusion. By exercising caution and proper identification, you can enjoy the aesthetic and air-purifying benefits of your plants without risk.
Link to ASPCA Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants page
The Distinction Between Non-Toxic vs. Toxic Varieties
This distinction is crucial for homeowners and especially those with pets. The common spider plant ($Chlorophytum comosum$) is safe, while Dracaena varieties are not. Here are some key points to remember:
- For the Safe Variety: The leaves of the spider plant ($Chlorophytum comosum$) are non-toxic, and ingestion is not a cause for alarm, though large amounts can cause mild digestive issues.
- For the Toxic Variety: Dracaena spp. contain saponins that are harmful to pets and should be avoided.
- Visual Cues: The slender, arching leaves and trailing "pups" of the spider plant are distinct from the broader, strappy leaves and upright, woody stems of the Dracaena.
- Source Check: Always verify the botanical name of a plant before purchase if you have pets or children, as common names are often misleading.
- Vet Consultation: In case of accidental ingestion of an unknown plant, contact a veterinarian or animal poison control for guidance.
By keeping these differences in mind, you can navigate the confusion surrounding the ribbon plant and keep your household safe.
