What is vitamin E oil?
Vitamin E oil is a concentrated form of the fat-soluble vitamin E, which is a powerful antioxidant essential for human health. While pure vitamin E is too thick and potent for direct application, commercial products labeled as "vitamin E oil" are typically diluted with a lighter carrier oil, such as jojoba, almond, or coconut oil. This dilution makes it easier to spread and enhances absorption into the skin and hair.
Vitamin E is not a single compound but a group of eight fat-soluble compounds, including four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. The most common form found in supplements and skincare is alpha-tocopherol. The source of the oil determines whether it is natural (d-alpha-tocopherol, more bioavailable) or synthetic (dl-alpha-tocopherol).
Natural vs. Synthetic Vitamin E Oil
There are important differences between natural and synthetic forms of vitamin E that influence their effectiveness and cost. Consumers should be aware of these distinctions when choosing products.
The molecular difference
Natural vitamin E (d-alpha-tocopherol) is a single, active isomer derived from plant sources like vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds. The synthetic version (dl-alpha-tocopherol) is a lab-created mixture of eight different isomers, only one of which is the biologically active natural form.
The bioavailability factor
Due to its molecular structure, the body is better able to absorb and utilize natural vitamin E. Studies have shown that the natural form is approximately twice as bioavailable as its synthetic counterpart, meaning the body can use it more efficiently. The liver preferentially selects natural vitamin E for incorporation into lipoproteins, ensuring it stays in the body longer.
How is vitamin E oil made?
Vitamin E oil is primarily sourced from plants rich in the nutrient. Here is a general overview of the production process:
- Sourcing Raw Materials: Natural vitamin E is often extracted from vegetable oils, such as wheat germ, sunflower, and soybean oils.
- Extraction: The vitamin E is extracted from the raw material using a solvent, which separates the fat-soluble vitamin from other compounds.
- Purification: The extracted vitamin E undergoes purification processes, such as molecular distillation or chromatography, to remove impurities.
- Dilution: The highly concentrated vitamin E is then blended with a carrier oil to create the final oil product suitable for cosmetic use. Synthetic vitamin E is manufactured in laboratories through chemical synthesis.
What are the benefits of vitamin E oil?
Vitamin E oil offers a range of benefits for skin and hair due to its antioxidant and moisturizing properties.
For the skin
- Powerful Antioxidant: It neutralizes free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can damage cells and accelerate skin aging.
- Moisturizer: It helps keep the skin hydrated and supple, reducing dryness and flakiness.
- Reduces Hyperpigmentation: Regular application may help reduce the appearance of dark spots and improve overall skin tone.
- Soothes Sunburn: The oil's anti-inflammatory properties can help calm redness and irritation from sunburn.
- Improves Scars and Stretch Marks: While scientific evidence is mixed, some people find it helps in the healing and fading of scars and stretch marks.
For the hair
- Promotes Scalp Health: It soothes and moisturizes a dry, flaky scalp, which can help combat dandruff.
- Adds Shine: It helps to condition and moisturize hair, restoring its natural shine and lustre.
- Reduces Breakage: By creating a protective barrier around hair strands, it can reduce breakage and the formation of split ends.
- May Support Hair Growth: Some studies suggest its antioxidant properties can help reduce oxidative stress on the scalp, which may be linked to hair loss.
Considerations for using vitamin E oil
Before applying vitamin E oil, especially if you have sensitive or acne-prone skin, it's wise to perform a patch test. The oil can be thick and may clog pores if left on for too long on oily skin. It is best applied at night to allow for maximum absorption and to avoid issues with cosmetics. Consider diluting pure vitamin E oil with a lighter carrier oil, such as jojoba or almond, for easier application. For those with severe skin conditions, consulting a healthcare professional is recommended.
Comparison of natural vs. synthetic vitamin E
| Feature | Natural Vitamin E (d-alpha-tocopherol) | Synthetic Vitamin E (dl-alpha-tocopherol) |
|---|---|---|
| Source | Plant-based (e.g., vegetable oils, nuts) | Chemically synthesized from petroleum products |
| Bioavailability | Higher; more easily absorbed and utilized by the body | Lower; less efficiently absorbed compared to the natural form |
| Molecular Structure | Single, active isomer | Mixture of eight isomers, only one of which is active |
| Potency | More potent due to higher bioavailability | Less potent, requiring higher dosages for the same effect |
| Cost | Generally more expensive | Less expensive to produce |
Conclusion
In summary, yes, there is such a thing as vitamin E oil, and it is a potent antioxidant widely used for its benefits to the skin and hair. Available in both natural and synthetic forms, the natural version is known for its superior bioavailability. When used topically, vitamin E oil can help moisturize skin, reduce hyperpigmentation, soothe irritation, and improve hair health. While it is a popular ingredient in many cosmetic products, care should be taken, particularly by individuals with oily or sensitive skin, to avoid potential pore-clogging and irritation. When incorporating it into your routine, performing a patch test and diluting it with a carrier oil can lead to the best results for radiant skin and hair. For those with specific health concerns, professional medical advice is recommended.
