Reese's Pieces vs. Original Peanut Butter Cups: The Red 40 Difference
When investigating the presence of Red 40 in Reese's products, it is crucial to differentiate between the various types of candy. The answer is not a simple yes or no, as the ingredient composition varies significantly across the product line. The primary source of confusion for many consumers is the difference between the classic Reese's Peanut Butter Cups and the crunchy-shelled Reese's Pieces.
Where You Will Find Red 40
Red 40, also known as Red 40 Lake or Allura Red AC, is most notably found in Reese's Pieces. The vibrant, candy-coated shells that make Reese's Pieces so recognizable contain a blend of artificial colors, which typically includes Yellow 5 Lake, Yellow 6 Lake, Red 40 Lake, and Blue 1 Lake. These colorants are what give the candies their iconic orange, yellow, and brown shells. Recent changes to some Reese's Pieces formulas in 2025 indicated a move away from some additives, but Red 40 Lake remained present in certain products.
A closer look at Reese's Pieces ingredients:
- Sugar: The primary ingredient, providing sweetness.
- Partially Defatted Peanuts: The core of the peanut butter flavor.
- Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil: Used for texture and stability.
- Corn Syrup: A sweetener and binder.
- Artificial Color (including Yellow 5 Lake, Red 40 Lake, Blue 1 Lake): Provides the exterior shell's color.
- Confectioner's Glaze and Carnauba Wax: Creates the glossy finish.
Where You Won't Find Red 40
In contrast, the classic Reese's Peanut Butter Cups do not contain Red 40. The original cups, known for their simple peanut butter and chocolate pairing, use a natural color profile. The chocolate is dark brown due to cocoa, and the peanut butter filling has a naturally light tan color. The standard ingredients for the original cups are significantly simpler than those for the multi-colored Pieces.
A look at Reese's Peanut Butter Cups ingredients:
- Milk Chocolate: (sugar, cocoa butter, chocolate, skim milk, milkfat, lactose, soy lecithin, PGPR)
- Peanuts: The main component of the filling.
- Sugar: Sweetens the filling.
- Dextrose: A type of sugar.
- Salt: Enhances the flavor.
- TBHQ and Citric Acid: Preservatives to maintain freshness.
The Reason for the Ingredient Disparity
The difference in ingredient lists is directly related to the product's design. The purpose of Red 40 in Reese's Pieces is purely cosmetic. The dye is used to achieve the bright, distinct colors of the candy shells. Without it, the candies would lack the visual appeal that is a signature part of the product. The peanut butter cup, on the other hand, does not require any additional coloring. Its appeal is based on its classic flavor and simple presentation.
Comparison: Reese's Peanut Butter Cups vs. Reese's Pieces
| Feature | Reese's Peanut Butter Cups | Reese's Pieces |
|---|---|---|
| Key Ingredient | Milk chocolate and peanut butter filling | Candy-coated peanut butter filling |
| Red 40 Presence | No | Yes (as Red 40 Lake) |
| Appearance | Simple, natural colors from chocolate and peanut butter | Brightly colored candy shells (orange, yellow, brown) |
| Shell Composition | No shell, just the fluted paper liner | Hard, crunchy candy shell |
| Flavor Profile | Classic, rich chocolate and creamy peanut butter | Sweet, peanut-flavored center with a crunchy, sugary shell |
| Texture | Soft and melt-in-your-mouth | Hard and crunchy |
Is Red 40 Safe? The Ongoing Debate
While the FDA considers Red 40 safe for consumption within approved limits, concerns and research regarding its potential health effects persist. Several studies, particularly those concerning children, have explored links between artificial dyes and behavioral issues. For instance, some research suggests a potential connection between Red 40 and exacerbated symptoms of ADHD in sensitive individuals. Other animal studies have raised questions about potential DNA damage and inflammation, though more human-centric research is needed.
Conclusion: Read the Label
The presence of Red 40 in Reese's products depends entirely on the specific item. The original Reese's Peanut Butter Cups do not contain the dye, relying on the natural colors of chocolate and peanut butter. Conversely, Reese's Pieces and other candy-shelled variations do use Red 40 and other artificial colorings to achieve their vibrant appearance. For those looking to avoid artificial colorants, the simplest and most effective strategy is to always check the ingredient list on the packaging. The Hershey Company has also experimented with natural colorants, and being aware of current ingredient practices is the best way to make informed dietary choices.
For more information on food additives, consider reviewing the resources available on the FDA's website, such as their pages on color additives.
