The introduction of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) into the food supply has raised questions among consumers about the safety and labeling of their food. For potato lovers, this has meant learning to navigate new information regarding one of their favorite and most versatile root vegetables. While the vast majority of potatoes on the market are not genetically engineered, specific varieties developed by one company are bioengineered. Understanding the brand, the modifications, and the labeling rules is key for consumers focused on a conscientious nutrition diet.
J.R. Simplot: The Brand Behind Innate GMO Potatoes
The brand of potatoes that is genetically modified is called 'Innate,' produced by the J.R. Simplot Company. Simplot developed these potatoes using a gene-silencing technique known as RNA interference (RNAi). This process modifies the potato's existing genes to turn off specific undesirable traits, rather than introducing foreign DNA from other species. The company's goal with the Innate line was to create a more resilient and appealing potato for both farmers and consumers. The development of these potatoes has been an evolving process, with different generations offering new traits.
The Specific Innate Potato Varieties
Not all potatoes sold under these common names are GMO. The Innate genetic modification has been applied to several popular varieties.
- White Russet: Approved in 2015, this was one of the first Innate varieties to enter the market.
- Russet Burbank: A second-generation Innate potato, approved in 2016, with added blight resistance.
- Atlantic: An Innate version of this chipping potato variety also exists.
- Ranger Russet: Another variety that has received the Innate genetic modification.
The Genetic Modifications: What They Do
The genetic modifications in Innate potatoes target specific characteristics to benefit the production process and, potentially, consumer health concerns. The key engineered traits are:
- Reduced Black Spot Bruising: When a conventional potato is damaged, it can develop unattractive dark bruises. The Innate modification reduces the enzymes responsible for this cosmetic flaw, leading to less food waste from damage during harvest, storage, and transport.
- Lower Acrylamide Formation: Acrylamide is a chemical compound that can form in high-starch foods, including potatoes, when they are cooked at high temperatures, such as during frying. Innate potatoes are modified to produce less asparagine, a precursor chemical, thus resulting in lower acrylamide levels when cooked.
- Late Blight Resistance: The Innate 2G Russet Burbank varieties were also engineered with enhanced resistance to late blight, the same pathogen that caused the Irish potato famine.
Navigating US Bioengineered Food Labeling
As of January 1, 2022, the USDA National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard (NBFDS) mandates labeling for bioengineered foods. This labeling requirement is a key tool for consumers who want to know what brand of potatoes are GMO.
- Bioengineered vs. GMO: The law requires the term "bioengineered" (BE), not "GMO," to be used on labels.
- Disclosure Methods: Food manufacturers can use a small text statement, a QR code, or the official USDA "bioengineered" logo to disclose the presence of genetically modified ingredients.
- Labeling Loophole: The disclosure is only required if the food contains detectable modified genetic material. Highly processed ingredients like potato starch, where no modified DNA is detectable, may not require labeling.
- Restaurant Exemption: The NBFDS does not apply to restaurants or other food service establishments.
How to Identify Innate Potatoes at the Grocery Store
To identify Innate potatoes, look for the following clues:
- The Innate Brand Name: Look for the brand name "Innate" on the packaging.
- The Variety Name: Look for bagged White Russet potatoes that explicitly state they are engineered for "reduced bruising" or "fewer black spots".
- Bioengineered Labeling: The most direct method is to check for the USDA bioengineered food disclosure.
- Store Format: Loose potatoes in the produce bin are less likely to be Innate, which is typically sold in pre-packaged bags.
Innate (GMO) vs. Non-GMO Potatoes: A Comparison
| Trait | Innate Potatoes (GMO) | Non-GMO Potatoes (Conventional/Organic) |
|---|---|---|
| Brand | J.R. Simplot Co. (marketed as "Innate") | Numerous brands; often generic store brands |
| Labeling | Required to be labeled as "bioengineered" if sold in retail packaging and DNA is detectable | May be labeled "Non-GMO Project Verified" or "USDA Organic" if certified |
| Varieties | White Russet, Russet Burbank, Atlantic, Ranger Russet (specific bioengineered versions) | A wide range of standard russets, reds, Yukon Golds, etc. |
| Modifications | Reduced bruising/browning, lower acrylamide, and/or blight resistance | Developed through traditional cross-breeding methods |
| Restaurants | Used in some foodservice, but labeling not required | Used widely, major chains like McDonald's have rejected Innate |
| Availability | Available in the US food supply but in relatively low quantities and specific retail products | Pervasive across the market, available as loose and bagged produce |
| Market Acceptance | Lower consumer acceptance has limited market growth, prompting caution from processors | Wide consumer acceptance; many brands explicitly state they are non-GMO |
The Broader Context of a Nutritious Diet
Potatoes are a cornerstone of many balanced diets, offering essential nutrients like potassium, vitamin C, and fiber. For those following a nutrition diet and concerned about GMOs, opting for non-GMO choices is straightforward. Most grocery stores carry many non-GMO potato varieties, including reds, Yukon Golds, and standard russets. Selecting organic potatoes, which are by definition non-GMO, is another clear path for assurance. Focusing on whole, unprocessed foods remains a consistent principle in healthy eating, regardless of the GMO debate. Choosing conventional or organic potatoes and preparing them healthfully (e.g., baking or roasting instead of frying) ensures you receive their nutritional benefits without added chemicals or unwanted processes.
Conclusion
When considering what brand of potatoes are GMO, the answer is J.R. Simplot's Innate line, which includes specific varieties like White Russet and Russet Burbank. These bioengineered potatoes feature reduced bruising, lower acrylamide, and in some cases, blight resistance, but are not widely prevalent in the fresh produce section. The US requires labeling of bioengineered foods, though exemptions for processed goods and restaurants exist. For a confident nutrition diet, consumers can rely on the bioengineered food disclosure, choose organic options, or look for varieties not associated with the Innate brand. Understanding these distinctions empowers shoppers to make informed decisions that align with their health and dietary priorities.
Learn more about the non-GMO perspective at the official Non-GMO Project website: https://www.nongmoproject.org/.
