What Is Sorbitol and Why Is It in Candy?
Sorbitol ($C6H{14}O_6$) is a type of carbohydrate known as a sugar alcohol, or polyol, that the body metabolizes more slowly than sugar. It is naturally found in certain fruits like apples, apricots, and pears, but is also manufactured commercially for use as an artificial sweetener and food additive. It serves multiple purposes in candy manufacturing. As a sweetener, it provides a pleasant taste with fewer calories. As a humectant, it helps products retain moisture, preventing them from drying out and maintaining a soft texture, which is particularly useful in baked goods and some soft candies. The sugar alcohol's stability and resistance to browning also make it a versatile ingredient for confectionery.
Candies Known to Contain Sorbitol
For consumers looking to identify products containing this sugar alcohol, checking the ingredient list is the most reliable method. Manufacturers are required to list it, often under the name “sorbitol” or its food additive number, “E420”. Many brands specialize in sugar-free products that frequently incorporate sorbitol into their formulas. Some of the most common categories include:
- Sugar-Free Hard Candies: Brands like Eda's and Fruidles are known for their range of sugar-free hard candies, from fruit-flavored to chocolates, which explicitly list sorbitol as a key sweetener. Arcor's sugar-free products also use sorbitol.
- Sugar-Free Chewing Gum: Many popular sugar-free gums contain sorbitol as a primary ingredient, including various flavors from Wrigley's Orbit and Extra.
- Zero Sugar Chocolates: While some companies like Hershey's and Russell Stover produce zero-sugar chocolates, they often use a combination of sugar alcohols, and sorbitol is a common component. It's essential to check the specific product label to confirm.
- Mints and Breath Fresheners: Given its cooling effect, sorbitol is a common ingredient in sugar-free mints and lozenges designed to freshen breath.
The Digestive Impact of Sorbitol
While sorbitol is a beneficial alternative for reducing sugar intake, it is not without potential drawbacks, especially for those with sensitive digestive systems. The human body does not completely absorb sorbitol in the small intestine. When consumed in excess, it passes into the large intestine, where it is fermented by gut bacteria. This process can lead to symptoms like bloating, gas, abdominal pain, and a laxative effect. The threshold for experiencing these effects varies widely among individuals. It is a good practice to start with a small amount of sorbitol-containing candy to assess your personal tolerance. In fact, due to the potential for digestive distress, some consumer groups have petitioned for clearer warning labels on products containing significant amounts of sorbitol.
How to Manage Sorbitol Intake on a Nutrition Diet
For those on a controlled-calorie or low-sugar diet, incorporating candies with sorbitol can be a viable option, provided they are consumed in moderation. It is crucial to read nutrition labels carefully, not only for the presence of sorbitol but also for the total amount of sugar alcohols listed. Some candies may use a blend of sorbitol with other sweeteners like maltitol or xylitol, which also have their own digestive and calorie profiles.
Comparison of Candies and Sweeteners
| Feature | Sorbitol-Containing Candy | Maltitol-Containing Candy | Traditional Sugar Candy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Calories | Reduced calories per gram compared to sugar | Reduced calories per gram compared to sugar | High-calorie source |
| Digestive Effect | Can cause bloating, gas, and laxative effect in excess | Stronger laxative effect than sorbitol for some | No direct laxative effect, but can cause digestive upset in high doses |
| Sweetness | Approximately 60% as sweet as sugar | Approximately 90% as sweet as sugar | Standard 100% sweetness |
| Dental Health | Non-cariogenic; does not contribute to cavities | Non-cariogenic; does not contribute to cavities | Contributes to tooth decay |
| Use | Common in hard candies, gum, mints | Common in sugar-free chocolates, gums | Used in nearly all traditional sweets |
Conclusion
Understanding which candies have sorbitol is essential for anyone following a diet that limits sugar, whether for health management or personal preference. Sorbitol is a widespread ingredient in many sugar-free products, including hard candies, gums, and mints, prized for its sweetness and functional properties. While it offers a low-calorie alternative to sugar, consumers must be mindful of its potential digestive side effects, especially when consumed in large quantities. By diligently checking ingredient labels for 'sorbitol' or 'E420' and practicing moderation, you can enjoy these treats as part of a balanced and informed diet. For more information on sorbitol intolerance and its causes, research conducted by UC Davis offers valuable insights.
List of Common Candies with Sorbitol (Check Labels)
- Eda's Sugar Free Hard Candy: Available in various flavors, explicitly states use of sorbitol.
- Orbit Sugar-Free Chewing Gum: Contains sorbitol as a primary sweetener.
- Fruidles Sugar-Free Premium Hard Candy: Uses sorbitol in its individually wrapped fruit-flavored buttons.
- Arcor Sugar Free Peppermint Pinwheel Starlights: Contains sorbitol.
- Russell Stover Sugar-Free Candies: Many products use a blend of sugar alcohols that include sorbitol.
- Some Starlight Mints (Sugar-Free): Check the brand's specific ingredients.
- Cadbury Brunch Bar Choc Chip (UK): Open Food Facts lists E420 (sorbitol) as an ingredient.