Tag: Bacterial genetics

As the best-studied Gram-positive bacterium, *Bacillus subtilis* is a fascinating model organism for cellular research. This rod-shaped microbe, commonly found in soil, is a complex organism composed of a robust cell wall, a specialized cytoplasmic membrane, and intricate internal structures. Its specific composition allows it to thrive in varied environments and form highly resilient endospores under stress.

As one of the most widely studied probiotic strains, *Lactobacillus rhamnosus* GG has over 760 scientific publications detailing its functions and health benefits. However, to truly understand how this beneficial microbe works, one must explore its fundamental building blocks, from its complex cell wall structure to its specific genetic instructions. This exploration reveals a sophisticated cellular composition that enables its resilience and interaction with the human body.