Tag: Pharmacology

First isolated in 1820 from the bark of the cinchona tree, quinine is a substance with a long history of use, particularly for treating malaria. While small amounts are used to flavor tonic water, medicinal doses of quinine exert a profound range of effects on the body, encompassing therapeutic actions and potentially serious adverse reactions.

Recent scientific studies confirm that many alkaloids, a diverse class of natural compounds found in plants and other organisms, demonstrate significant antioxidant activity. This protective function plays a critical role in combating oxidative stress, a process linked to numerous chronic diseases such as inflammation, neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular issues.

Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is a semisynthetic colloid, and surprisingly, its origins can be traced back to common plant-based starches like those found in waxy maize or potatoes. This initial, natural source is then chemically altered to produce a substance with the specific properties required for medical applications.

According to the National Institutes of Health, vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for vision, immune function, and reproduction. Its pharmacological classification is based on its chemical structure and function, categorizing it within a family of compounds called retinoids.

According to the World Health Organization, iron deficiency is the world's most common nutritional disorder. Many people rely on antacids to relieve heartburn, but few realize that these over-the-counter medications can directly interfere with their body's ability to absorb this vital mineral, potentially exacerbating or even causing an iron deficiency.

According to the National Institutes of Health, the primary macronutrients for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) are dextrose, amino acids, and lipid emulsions. Knowing which of the following are the base solutions for compounding TPN is crucial for pharmacists and healthcare professionals to ensure patient safety and proper nutritional support.

According to a 2020 review in *Biochemistry Research International*, various coffee compounds, not just caffeine, can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed. This raises important questions, especially for those who wonder: Can I take pills with decaf coffee safely?

Mosegor Vita contains both vitamins and the powerful medication pizotifen, which can be misleading, prompting the common question: Is Mosegor Vita a vitamin supplement? The answer is more complex, as it is primarily a prescription appetite stimulant, and its purpose extends far beyond standard nutritional support.

According to numerous studies, extracts from *Parkinsonia aculeata* exhibit potent antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, stemming from its rich phytochemical profile. The tree offers a wide array of medicinal, ecological, and practical benefits, making it a valuable species in various fields.

According to Pharmacy Times, dairy products can interfere with certain medications, including antibiotics like tetracycline and ciprofloxacin, by preventing proper absorption. This interaction is a critical consideration for patients and can lead to reduced drug efficacy if not managed correctly.