Understanding When Should We Not Eat Custard Apples?

November 1, 2025 •

4 min read

While bursting with vitamins and minerals, a growing body of research highlights the importance of understanding the potential risks and health conditions that determine when should we not eat custard apples. For some individuals, the sweet, creamy fruit can pose significant health hazards if consumed improperly or by those with certain medical issues.

Quick Summary

It is crucial to avoid custard apples if you have specific health issues, such as Parkinson's, kidney disease, or gestational diabetes. The seeds and skin contain annonacin, a potent neurotoxin, and must never be consumed. Proper preparation is essential to prevent adverse effects.

Key Points

Avoid the Seeds and Skin: Custard apple seeds and skin contain annonacin, a toxic compound linked to neurological damage and Parkinson's-like symptoms.
Limit Intake with Diabetes: Due to its high natural sugar content, individuals with diabetes or gestational diabetes must consume custard apple with strict portion control to avoid blood sugar spikes.
Steer Clear with Kidney Disease: The high potassium level makes it unsuitable for those with kidney disorders, as their bodies may not properly filter the mineral.
Manage Portion Size for Weight: Despite high fiber, the calorie and sugar content can lead to weight gain if overconsumed, so moderation is key for weight management.
Consult a Doctor on Medications: Custard apple may interact with certain medications, including blood pressure drugs, so consult your doctor if you are on regular medication.
Heed Allergic Reactions: Watch for signs of an allergic reaction, especially if you have a latex allergy, as cross-reactivity is possible.
Exercise Caution During Pregnancy: While generally safe, pregnant women with gestational diabetes or other complications should seek medical advice before consumption.

The Dangers of Annonacin: Why the Seeds and Skin are Toxic

One of the most critical aspects of custard apple consumption is understanding the severe toxicity associated with its seeds and skin. These parts contain a neurotoxin called annonacin, a compound linked to neurological damage and a higher risk of developing Parkinson's-like symptoms. Research has repeatedly warned against ingesting any part of the seed or skin to prevent these serious health complications.

External Exposure is Also Hazardous

The toxicity of annonacin is not limited to internal consumption. Studies have reported cases of severe toxic keratoconjunctivitis—a painful inflammatory condition of the eye—caused by accidental ocular exposure to ground custard apple seed powder, traditionally used for head lice. This highlights that contact with the toxic compounds can cause significant harm, and utmost care must be taken to remove all seeds before eating the fruit.

Diabetes Concerns: A Case for Strict Moderation

Custard apples are naturally sweet due to their high sugar content, which means individuals managing diabetes or blood sugar levels must exercise caution. While the fruit does have a low to moderate glycemic index (GI), overconsumption can still lead to a spike in blood sugar. Portion control is non-negotiable for diabetics, and it is best consumed as a snack rather than with a meal to avoid nutrient conflicts.

Custard Apple vs. Low-GI Fruits for Blood Sugar Management

To put the sugar content in perspective, it is useful to compare custard apples with other diabetes-friendly fruits. This table illustrates the differences, emphasizing why caution is necessary with custard apple despite its moderate GI.


Feature	Custard Apple	Apples	Berries (e.g., Strawberries)
Glycemic Index (GI)	Low to Moderate (approx. 54)	Low	Low
Natural Sugars	Higher content per serving	Lower than custard apple	Lower than custard apple
Fiber Content	High	High	High
Calorie Density	Higher	Lower	Lower
Recommendation for Diabetics	Consume with strict portion control	A safer choice for blood sugar management	Excellent low-sugar, high-fiber option

Risk Factors for Specific Health Conditions

Parkinson's Disease and Neurological Risks

Due to the presence of annonacin, individuals with Parkinson's disease or other neurological conditions should completely avoid custard apples. The toxin may contribute to and exacerbate neurological symptoms. While the flesh contains significantly less annonacin than the seeds, complete avoidance is the safest recommendation for those with pre-existing conditions.

Kidney Disorders and High Potassium

Custard apples are a significant source of potassium, which is beneficial for heart health in most people. However, patients with kidney disorders must carefully manage their potassium intake, as impaired kidneys struggle to filter excess potassium from the blood. Excessive potassium can lead to serious health issues, making custard apple a fruit to avoid unless a doctor advises otherwise.

Low Blood Pressure

For those on medication or suffering from low blood pressure, the potassium content in custard apples should be monitored. Potassium can help regulate blood pressure, and in individuals already managing low blood pressure, overconsumption could cause it to drop to dangerously low levels.

Allergic Reactions and Food Sensitivities

Though uncommon, some individuals may experience an allergic reaction to custard apple. Documented cases suggest a possible cross-reaction with latex, potentially leading to symptoms like itching, swelling of the mouth, lips, and throat, or even anaphylaxis. Those with known allergies to similar fruits or latex should exercise caution.

Digestive Issues from Overconsumption

The high fiber content in custard apples, while typically beneficial for digestion, can become a problem if consumed in large quantities. Excessive intake can cause temporary digestive issues such as bloating, gas, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Moderation is key to reaping the digestive benefits without discomfort.

Weight Management

Since custard apples are relatively high in natural sugars and calories, eating too much can contribute to weight gain over time. For individuals focused on weight management, controlling portion size is crucial. A small serving of one medium-sized fruit is generally considered appropriate.

Medication Interactions

Due to its potential effects on blood pressure and blood sugar, custard apple may interact with certain medications, including those for high blood pressure and diabetes. It is always best to consult a healthcare provider before including it in your diet, especially if you are on any long-term medication.

Considerations During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

During pregnancy, custard apples are often seen as beneficial due to their nutrient content. However, the high natural sugar content means women with gestational diabetes should avoid them. Some traditional beliefs also suggest avoiding them during a cold or cough, as the fruit is considered cooling. Breastfeeding mothers are generally advised to eat it in moderation. Crucially, the toxic seeds and skin must never be ingested during pregnancy due to the risk of miscarriage. A doctor should always be consulted regarding diet during this sensitive period.

Conclusion

Custard apple is a delicious and nutritious fruit, but it is not without its risks. The rule of thumb is to always remove the toxic seeds and skin and consume the fruit in moderation. Individuals with specific health concerns, such as diabetes, Parkinson's, kidney disease, or low blood pressure, should be particularly careful and consult their healthcare provider. By understanding these precautions, you can enjoy the fruit safely or opt for a safer alternative when needed.

: https://www.metropolisindia.com/blog/preventive-healthcare/benefits-of-custard-apple-nutrition-side-effects-and-uses : https://www.nutrisense.io/blog/custard-apples-good-for-you

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, but with extreme caution and in strict moderation. While custard apple has a low to moderate glycemic index, its high natural sugar content can still cause blood sugar spikes if overconsumed. It is best to consult a doctor or dietitian for appropriate portion sizes.

Yes, custard apple seeds are poisonous and should never be consumed. They contain the neurotoxin annonacin, which can cause neurological damage. The seeds and skin must be completely removed before eating the fruit.

Individuals with Parkinson's disease, kidney disorders, or low blood pressure should avoid or be extremely cautious with custard apple. Additionally, those with gestational diabetes, confirmed allergies, or managing their weight should be mindful of their intake.

Custard apple is generally considered safe during pregnancy when consumed in moderation, but caution is advised. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes should avoid it due to its high sugar content. Always consult a doctor for personalized dietary advice during pregnancy.

Though rare, allergic reactions can occur. Some individuals may experience oral allergy syndrome or other symptoms, possibly due to a cross-reaction with latex. Symptoms include itching or swelling of the mouth and throat.

Eating too much custard apple can cause digestive issues like bloating, gas, or diarrhea due to its high fiber content. The high calorie and sugar count can also contribute to weight gain if not managed properly.

Custard apple contains potassium, which can help regulate blood pressure in healthy individuals. However, those with low blood pressure or on medication should be careful, as excessive consumption could potentially cause an abrupt drop in blood pressure.