The Stripping of Essential Minerals
Purified water is water that has been treated to remove impurities and contaminants. While this sounds beneficial, the processes used, such as reverse osmosis (RO) and distillation, are so effective that they also remove the essential minerals our bodies need to function properly. Minerals like calcium, magnesium, and potassium, which are naturally present in tap and spring water, are often stripped out during purification.
These minerals are not just taste enhancers; they are critical for numerous bodily functions. Calcium is vital for bone health, muscle contraction, and nerve function, while magnesium plays a key role in over 300 enzymatic reactions, including ATP metabolism. Relying solely on purified water for hydration means forgoing a supplemental source of these essential elements, which can become problematic over time if dietary intake is insufficient.
The 'Hungry Water' Effect
Highly pure water, often referred to as 'hungry water,' is a powerful solvent. Because it lacks dissolved minerals, it seeks to absorb them from its surroundings. When consumed, it can leach minerals from your body's tissues, including those in the gastrointestinal tract, to achieve balance. Furthermore, this corrosive nature can cause water to absorb trace amounts of toxic metals like lead from older plumbing systems, re-contaminating the water on its way to your glass.
Impact on Health and Electrolyte Balance
Chronic consumption of demineralized water poses several health risks that have been documented through various studies.
- Cardiovascular Disease: Studies have reported a link between drinking water low in beneficial minerals and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
- Mineral Deficiencies: Low intake of calcium and magnesium from water can contribute to overall mineral deficiencies, which may lead to adverse health outcomes like muscle cramps, fatigue, and potential bone density issues.
- Electrolyte Imbalance: For active individuals, athletes, or those in hot climates, drinking water that lacks electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and magnesium can hinder proper rehydration and upset the body's delicate electrolyte balance. This can compromise muscle function and nerve signaling.
- Gastrointestinal Issues: The World Health Organization has expressed concerns about the effects of demineralized water on the body's mineral and water metabolism. Some reports have noted gastrointestinal disorders in populations consuming such water.
Comparison of Water Types
| Feature | Purified Water | Mineral Water | Tap Water (Municipal) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Source | Filtered from any source (tap, spring, well). | Natural underground source. | Public municipal supply. |
| Treatment | Advanced processes like reverse osmosis, distillation, deionization. | Often minimal filtration; minerals are naturally occurring. | Disinfection with chlorine, sometimes fluoridation. |
| Mineral Content | Low to virtually none. | Varies by source, generally rich in minerals. | Varies widely by region, often contains some minerals. |
| Taste | Often described as flat or bland. | Varies based on mineral composition, can be refreshing. | Can have a chlorine or metallic taste depending on local treatment. |
| Long-Term Health Risks | Potential for mineral deficiency and electrolyte imbalance. | Minimal, though high mineral content may be a concern for some individuals. | Low risk in areas with good infrastructure, but contamination can occur. |
Alternatives for Better Hydration
Instead of relying exclusively on purified water, there are several healthier alternatives for daily hydration:
- Mineral Water: This provides a natural and bioavailable source of essential minerals.
- Remineralized Water: Some purification systems include a post-filter that adds healthy minerals like calcium and magnesium back into the water.
- Enhanced Tap Water: If your tap water quality is good, use a simple carbon filter to remove chlorine and improve taste while keeping beneficial minerals intact.
- Balanced Diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and other whole foods can provide the minerals missing from purified water, even if consumed occasionally.
Conclusion: Seeking Balance in Your Water
While purified water is an excellent option for removing dangerous contaminants, it is not a suitable long-term solution for daily drinking as it strips water of essential minerals. The removal of vital elements like magnesium and calcium can negatively impact the body's electrolyte balance and contribute to mineral deficiencies over time. For most healthy individuals, a balanced approach is best. Choosing water sources that retain natural minerals, or using a system that remineralizes the water, provides the benefits of clean water without sacrificing important nutritional content. This ensures you stay not just hydrated, but also nutritionally balanced for optimal health.
For more information on the health effects of demineralized drinking water, consult the extensive report from the World Health Organization (WHO) at their official publication, "Health Risks from Drinking Demineralised Water".
