Is it Carnauba Wax or Something Else?
For those wondering, "are Skittles made of wax?", the direct answer is that they contain carnauba wax, a food-safe glazing agent. The candy itself is not a block of wax, but rather a chewy, fruity center with a hard, sugary outer shell. The carnauba wax is applied as a final coating during the manufacturing process to give the candies their attractive shine and prevent them from melting or sticking together in the bag.
The Role of Carnauba Wax in Confectionery
Carnauba wax, often called the “queen of waxes,” comes from the leaves of the carnauba palm tree, which is native to Brazil. It is an entirely plant-based product, making it suitable for many dietary preferences, including vegetarian and vegan lifestyles (in countries like the US, at least). Its high melting point is a key characteristic, providing a durable, heat-resistant barrier for the candy. The process of applying this wax involves a series of steps that not only polish the candy but also protect the vibrant colors and flavors.
A Look at the Manufacturing Process
So, how does a chewy candy get its perfect, shiny coat? The journey of a Skittle starts with a sugary, fruity center. After the centers are formed and cooled, they are sent to a rotating drum, or 'pan,' where a liquid sugar syrup is misted over them in layers. This process, known as panning, builds up the crunchy outer shell. Only after this hard shell has formed is the carnauba wax applied to provide the final polish.
Carnauba Wax vs. Shellac: A Key Distinction
For a long time, some consumers were concerned about the presence of shellac in candy coatings. Shellac is a resin secreted by the female lac bug and was traditionally used as a glazing agent in various candies. It is important to distinguish this from carnauba wax, as shellac is an animal-derived product and not suitable for a vegan diet. For clarity, Skittles sold in the US use carnauba wax, not shellac. However, it is always a good idea to check product labels, especially for international versions, as ingredients can differ by region. For example, some candies and even versions of Skittles in countries like Australia have used shellac.
Comparison Table: Carnauba Wax vs. Shellac
| Feature | Carnauba Wax | Shellac |
|---|---|---|
| Source | Plant-based, derived from the leaves of the carnauba palm | Insect-based, a resin secreted by the female lac bug |
| Vegan Status (US) | Generally considered vegan | Not vegan |
| Primary Function | Glazing agent for shine and protection | Glazing agent for shine and protection |
| Current Skittles Use | Used in most US versions | Was used historically, but now generally replaced by carnauba wax in US versions |
Other Candies That Use Carnauba Wax
The use of carnauba wax is not exclusive to Skittles. Many other candies rely on this versatile, food-safe ingredient for their appearance and texture. A quick glance at the ingredients list of many popular treats will reveal carnauba wax, showing how widespread its use is in the food industry. Some examples include M&M’s, gummy bears, and Reese's Pieces. It is also used to add a protective, shiny coating to fruits and vegetables, extending their shelf life.
Conclusion: The Final Word on Wax in Skittles
So, while it's accurate to say that Skittles have a wax coating, it's a food-safe, plant-based carnauba wax, not the type of wax you might use for candles. This coating serves a functional purpose, giving the candy its characteristic glossy finish and preventing the candies from sticking together. For consumers concerned about dietary restrictions, the use of carnauba wax in US Skittles is a positive update, moving away from older, animal-derived coatings like shellac and gelatin. As with any food product, checking the label for specific ingredients remains the best practice, especially when dealing with regional variations or different product lines.
What are the main ingredients in the Skittles candy center?
The chewy center of a Skittle is primarily made from a mix of sugar, corn syrup, hydrogenated palm kernel oil, and flavors.
Are Skittles still made with carmine, the red dye from insects?
No, US Skittles are not made with carmine. This ingredient was removed over a decade ago. It's always best to check the label for regional differences.
Is carnauba wax a safe ingredient to consume?
Yes, food-grade carnauba wax is widely recognized as safe for consumption by regulatory bodies like the FDA. It is non-toxic and hypoallergenic.
What gives Skittles their distinct texture and chewiness?
Modified corn starch and tapioca dextrin are added to the center of the candy to give Skittles their gummy, chewy texture.
Does the carnauba wax affect the flavor of Skittles?
No, carnauba wax is flavorless and does not impact the fruity taste of the candy. Its purpose is purely cosmetic and protective.
Are the UK and US versions of Skittles the same?
While the core concept is similar, there are some ingredient differences. UK Skittles use some natural colorings, while the US version primarily uses artificial colors.
Do all candies with a shiny coating use carnauba wax?
Not all, but many do. Other glazing agents like shellac are also used in confectionery. However, carnauba wax is a very common and safe choice, especially for vegan-friendly options.
What is the purpose of the “S” on every Skittle?
During manufacturing, the letter 'S' is printed on each candy using edible ink. It acts as a brand marker and is also used for quality control, as sensors check for a clear 'S' during sorting.
What other common products contain carnauba wax?
Besides candy, carnauba wax is used in many other products. It is found in shoe and car polishes, dental floss, and even some cosmetics like mascara and lip gloss.
Can people with allergies react to carnauba wax?
While considered hypoallergenic, some rare allergic reactions to carnauba wax have been reported. However, such reactions are uncommon and food-grade carnauba wax is widely tolerated.
