Understanding the Difference Between Traditional and Vegetarian Feta
For centuries, cheesemakers have used rennet, a complex set of enzymes, to curdle milk during the cheese-making process. Historically, this rennet was sourced from the stomach lining of young mammals, like calves or lambs, making the final cheese product non-vegetarian. However, the modern food industry has developed and widely adopted microbial and plant-based alternatives to animal rennet, making vegetarian feta a common product on supermarket shelves today.
How to Read Labels for Vegetarian Feta
Since the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) doesn't require cheesemakers to specify the rennet's origin, you need to be a savvy label reader.
- Look for specific wording: Search the ingredient list for terms like "microbial enzymes," "vegetarian enzymes," or "vegetable rennet". The presence of these terms indicates a vegetarian product.
- Assume animal rennet: If the label only states "enzymes" without a descriptor, it is safest to assume that animal rennet was used. This is a common practice, and unless a brand explicitly states it's vegetarian, caution is warranted.
- Seek certification: Many brands will advertise their products as "suitable for vegetarians" on the packaging, which makes the process much simpler.
- Consider kosher certification: Look for a kosher-certified cheese, as kosher law prohibits mixing meat and milk, and therefore, kosher cheese will not contain animal rennet.
Popular Vegetarian and Vegan Feta Options
Beyond just looking for vegetarian rennet, there are both dairy-based and dairy-free options for those seeking a meat-free alternative to traditional feta. Many supermarkets carry their own store brands that are vegetarian, and several national brands have committed to using microbial enzymes.
Some known vegetarian feta brands (always check the label):
- Mt. Vikos: This brand has been cited for its vegetarian feta.
- 365 (Whole Foods Market): The house brand often uses microbial enzymes for its cheeses.
- Vermont Creamery: Known for its goat cheese, this brand also makes some vegetarian products.
For those on a vegan diet or who wish to avoid dairy altogether, robust alternatives exist that capture the tangy and crumbly characteristics of feta.
- Tofu-based feta: Extra-firm tofu is pressed, cubed, and marinated in a salty, briny solution with lemon juice, vinegar, and herbs to mimic the texture and flavor.
- Cashew-based feta: Blending soaked cashews with nutritional yeast, vinegar, and salt can create a rich, creamy, and salty feta substitute.
- Commercial vegan brands: There are numerous brands now selling pre-made vegan feta alternatives. Some popular options include Damona and Bio Cheese, which are widely available in stores and online.
Comparison of Feta and Feta Alternatives
| Feature | Traditional Feta (PDO Greek) | Vegetarian Feta (Cow/Sheep Milk) | Vegan Feta (Plant-Based) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rennet Type | Animal-based | Microbial or Plant-based | None (Acid-set) |
| Milk Source | Sheep and/or Goat | Cow, Sheep, or Goat | Tofu, Nuts, Soy, etc. |
| Texture | Tangy, crumbly, soft | Milder, softer (if cow milk), less gamy | Varies (firm, crumbly, or soft) |
| Flavor | Strong, salty, piquant | Milder, less intense flavor | Tangy, salty, savory |
| Dietary Suitability | Non-vegetarian | Vegetarian | Vegetarian and Vegan |
| Origin | Greece (Protected Designation of Origin) | Varies globally | Varies globally |
Tips for Buying and Sourcing Vegetarian Feta
- Boutique Cheese Shops: Specialty stores often have knowledgeable cheesemongers who can confirm the rennet source for specific products.
- Online Research: Visit the websites of cheese brands to review their production methods and ingredient lists. Many companies are transparent about their vegetarian status.
- Local Health Food Stores: These retailers are more likely to stock and label vegetarian and vegan cheese products clearly.
- Ask Before You Buy: When dining out, don't be afraid to ask your server if the feta used is vegetarian-friendly, particularly in Greek restaurants where traditional feta is more common.
Conclusion: Navigating Your Vegetarian Feta Options
Thanks to advancements in food technology, vegetarians no longer need to forgo the delicious tang of feta cheese. While traditional Greek feta is typically made with animal rennet and is not vegetarian, many modern versions made with microbial enzymes are readily available. By carefully reading labels for terms like "microbial enzymes" or looking for kosher certification, you can easily find a suitable dairy-based vegetarian feta. For those seeking a completely plant-based experience, vegan alternatives made from tofu, cashews, and other ingredients provide an excellent and flavorful substitute. With a little knowledge, you can confidently enjoy this versatile cheese in your vegetarian diet. To learn more about identifying vegetarian products, check out this guide on How to Tell If Your Cheese Is Vegetarian from MindBodyGreen.