Wimberries: An Introduction to a Wild British Berry
Wimberries (scientifically known as Vaccinium myrtillus) are native to the UK and large parts of Europe, growing on low-lying shrubs in moorland, heathland, and acidic woodlands. They are known by many regional names, including bilberry, whinberry, and blaeberry. In contrast to the mass-produced American blueberry, wimberries have a stronger, tarter flavour, and their flesh is a dark purple colour that will stain your fingers and mouth.
For centuries, these berries were a staple of summer foraging, but the rise of commercial blueberry production and changing land uses have pushed them back into the realm of wild food. Foragers seeking these small, potent berries will find that they are still very much available, though they require more effort than a trip to the supermarket.
Why Are Wimberries Not Widely Sold Anymore?
The primary reason for the decline in commercial availability is that wimberries are difficult to cultivate on a large scale. They grow best in specific wild conditions, and their small size and dispersed growth make commercial harvesting unviable. Unlike the larger, easier-to-pick American blueberry, wild wimberries often require careful, back-breaking work to collect in any meaningful quantity.
Some local businesses still offer them, often freezing hand-picked berries to sell throughout the year. However, for most people, the only option is to forage for them during their season.
How to Find and Identify Wimberries in the Wild
Finding wimberries requires knowing their preferred habitat and a keen eye. Look for low-growing shrubs, typically 10 to 50 cm tall, with small, oval, finely-toothed leaves. The berries are small, round, and blue-black, often with a frosted or 'glaucous' appearance. They grow individually rather than in clusters, which is a key differentiator from commercial blueberries.
Habitat checklist for wimberries:
- Upland Moorland: Look among heather and gorse plants on acidic soil, especially in northern England, Wales, and Scotland.
- Acidic Woodlands: Seek out the low bushes in pine or spruce forests.
- Heathland: Common in open heathland environments.
To increase your chances, focus on areas away from heavy grazing, such as rocky outcrops or the margins of woodland where sheep and deer may have less impact. Patience is essential, as the berries often hide underneath the leaves.
Wimberries vs. Blueberries: A Taste Comparison
While similar in appearance, wimberries and commercial blueberries offer distinct flavour profiles. Understanding the differences can help a forager appreciate the unique taste of this native fruit.
| Feature | Wimberries (Bilberries) | Commercial Blueberries |
|---|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Vaccinium myrtillus | Vaccinium corymbosum |
| Flavour | More tart, intense, and complex with a deeper flavour. | Sweeter and milder. |
| Flesh Colour | Dark purple/red all the way through, staining teeth and hands. | White or light green flesh inside. |
| Growth Habit | Grows individually on low, wild shrubs. | Grows in clusters on larger, cultivated bushes. |
| Availability | Primarily through wild foraging, limited commercial supply. | Widespread commercial availability in shops. |
Ethical and Sustainable Foraging
When foraging for wimberries, it is crucial to do so responsibly to protect the wild plant populations. Only take what you need and never strip a bush bare. Leaving some berries behind ensures a food source for wildlife and allows the plant to naturally propagate for future seasons. Be mindful of your surroundings and avoid damaging the fragile moorland habitats. Some traditional harvesting methods, such as using berry combs, have been criticised for being destructive by taking unripe berries and damaging plants, so hand-picking is generally recommended. Always be certain of your identification and only pick in areas where you have permission, such as on public access land or with the landowner's consent.
Conclusion
So, can you still get wimberries? Yes, but not in a grocery store. This flavorful, traditional berry is a treasure for those willing to seek it out in its native wild habitats. The search for wimberries is an opportunity to connect with nature and experience a taste of British heritage that has been overshadowed by mass-produced alternatives. By learning their season and habitat, and foraging sustainably, you can enjoy this delicious, messy-mouthed treat for years to come. For anyone wanting to learn more about the UK's wild food, the Wild Food UK website offers excellent resources on bilberry identification and uses.
