Why Proper Cleaning is Crucial for Tube Feeding
Proper hygiene is the single most important factor in preventing infection for individuals who receive enteral nutrition. Leftover formula and moisture in a feeding bag and tubing can become a breeding ground for harmful bacteria, which can lead to serious health complications. Establishing a regular, strict cleaning regimen is not just a recommendation—it's a critical safety measure that protects the patient's well-being and prevents illness.
Essential Supplies for a Thorough Clean
Before you begin the cleaning process, ensure you have all the necessary items on hand. Gathering your supplies ahead of time makes the routine more efficient and less stressful.
- Warm, potable tap water or sterile water for those with compromised immune systems.
- Mild, fragrance-free dish soap.
- A clean wash basin dedicated solely to cleaning medical equipment. Never clean feeding equipment directly in the kitchen sink.
- A clean set of tube brushes for scrubbing the inside of the tubing.
- Distilled white vinegar for sanitizing.
- A clean, dry surface, such as a paper towel or a designated drying rack.
- Hand soap and clean towels for handwashing.
Step-by-Step Daily Cleaning Routine
This process should be performed after every feeding or at least once every 24 hours, even if reusing the bag.
Step 1: Wash Your Hands
Begin by washing your hands thoroughly with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. Dry your hands with a clean paper towel.
Step 2: Rinse Immediately After Use
Disconnect the feeding bag from the feeding tube. Immediately after the feeding is complete, add a generous amount of warm water (approximately one cup) to the empty bag. Swish the water inside the bag and let it run through the tubing to flush out any residual formula. Repeat this process until the water runs clear.
Step 3: Wash with Mild Soap
Fill the wash basin with warm, soapy water using a mild dish soap. Squeeze some of the soapy water into the feeding bag, swish it around, and let it run through the tube. Use a tube brush to gently scrub the interior of the tubing and any connectors or caps.
Step 4: Rinse Thoroughly
Rinse the bag and tubing with warm, clear water until all soap residue is completely gone. You can do this by running clear water through the system until no bubbles or soap remain.
Step 5: Air Dry Completely
Hang the feeding bag and tubing in an inverted position, allowing all parts to drain and air-dry completely. You can also lay them on a clean, designated towel. Do not use a cloth towel to wipe the equipment dry, as this can introduce lint and bacteria.
Weekly Deep Cleaning and Sanitizing
In addition to the daily wash, a deeper sanitizing process should be performed weekly to eliminate any lingering bacteria.
The Vinegar Soak Method
- Prepare the Solution: Mix a solution of one part distilled white vinegar to three parts water. Some sources suggest a 1:1 ratio, but a 3:1 water-to-vinegar solution is generally effective.
- Soak the Equipment: Fill the cleaned feeding bag with the vinegar solution and run it through the tubing. Allow the solution to sit in the system for at least 30 minutes.
- Rinse Thoroughly: After soaking, rinse the bag and tubing with clean water multiple times to remove all traces of the vinegar.
- Air Dry: Hang the equipment to air dry completely, as you do with the daily cleaning routine.
Cleaning and Sanitizing Comparison
| Feature | Daily Cleaning | Weekly Sanitizing |
|---|---|---|
| Frequency | After every feeding, or at least every 24 hours | Once per week, or if equipment appears cloudy or dirty |
| Purpose | To remove formula residue and prevent clogs | To kill lingering bacteria and disinfect the equipment |
| Supplies | Warm water, mild soap, wash basin, tube brushes | Distilled white vinegar, warm water, wash basin |
| Drying | Air dry all components completely | Air dry all components completely |
| Method | Rinse, wash with soap, rinse again | Soak in vinegar solution, rinse thoroughly |
Replacing Your Equipment: An Important Step
Even with meticulous cleaning, feeding bags and tubing are not meant to last forever. They are typically intended for use over a short period to minimize infection risk.
- Feeding Bags: Many healthcare providers recommend replacing feeding bags every 24 to 48 hours. Check with your medical supply company and healthcare provider for specific recommendations based on your type of equipment.
- Visible Damage: Always inspect your equipment for cracks, cloudiness, or discoloration. If you notice any of these signs, replace the bag and tubing immediately, as these are signs of wear and potential bacterial buildup.
Conclusion
Maintaining strict hygiene protocols when using tube feeding equipment is vital for patient health and safety. The daily routine of washing with warm, soapy water and thorough rinsing, coupled with a weekly vinegar sanitizing soak, will help ensure your equipment remains clean and free of harmful bacteria. Remember to always use a dedicated wash basin for medical equipment, air-dry completely, and adhere to replacement schedules provided by your healthcare provider. If you have any questions or concerns about your cleaning process, consult your healthcare team for personalized guidance. Connected Care @ SickKids
