What is Omegaven?
Omegaven is a sterile, intravenous lipid emulsion containing 100% fish oil, specifically used in a clinical setting. Unlike oral fish oil supplements, Omegaven is a prescription-only medication administered via an IV line as part of parenteral nutrition (PN) for patients unable to absorb nutrients through their digestive system. In the United States, Omegaven is approved for pediatric patients with parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC), a liver complication linked to long-term PN. It supplies essential omega-3 fatty acids like EPA and DHA, vital for growth and development.
The Clinical Need for Omegaven
Long-term parenteral nutrition, particularly in children, can lead to liver issues like PNAC. Traditional lipid emulsions often contain omega-6 fatty acids and phytosterols that may contribute to inflammation and liver damage. Omegaven, with its high omega-3 content and low phytosterols, offers an anti-inflammatory alternative that can improve liver function in affected children. It provides a less harmful fat source, potentially reversing or preventing liver disease progression while delivering necessary nutrients.
Omegaven vs. Oral Fish Oil Supplements
Omegaven is a medical-grade intravenous infusion used for specific conditions, administered by healthcare professionals. Oral fish oil supplements are for general wellness, self-administered, typically in capsule form, and sourced from concentrated fish oil. Omegaven is for severely ill pediatric patients with PNAC, while supplements are for the general public. Potential risks of Omegaven include aluminum toxicity and fat overload syndrome, while supplements may cause mild side effects like fishy burps.
Benefits and Risks of Omegaven
Omegaven benefits pediatric PNAC patients with its anti-inflammatory omega-3s and low phytosterol content, improving liver function and promoting growth. Risks include hypersensitivity, fat overload syndrome, and aluminum toxicity. There is also a risk of essential fatty acid deficiency due to its 100% omega-3 composition, requiring monitoring or co-administration with other lipids.
Conclusion
Omegaven is a specialized, prescription-only intravenous emulsion derived from fish oil, distinct from oral fish oil supplements. It is used clinically for specific medical conditions, primarily pediatric PNAC, and requires medical supervision due to its benefits and potential risks. It should not be used as a substitute for an oral dietary supplement.
Full prescribing information for Omegaven from Fresenius Kabi can be found here {Link: Fresenius Kabi https://www.freseniuskabinutrition.com/products/omegaven/}.
