Dinner vs. Supper: The Historical Context
The evolution of American mealtime terminology is directly tied to social and economic history. In earlier times, 'dinner' was the main meal, often eaten in the middle of the day, particularly in agrarian societies. This provided necessary energy for laborers. The evening meal was typically lighter and called 'supper,' a term linked etymologically to the Old French for soup.
The Industrial Revolution's Influence
The shift to urban, industrial work made a large midday meal impractical. As the main meal moved to the evening, 'dinner' became the term for this later meal, and 'lunch' replaced the midday meal. This established the common modern usage for many.
Regional Differences in Mealtime Terminology
Despite the nationwide shift, regional differences persist, especially in rural and southern areas. The use of 'supper' is a notable regional variation, remaining common in the American Midwest and the South.
The South
In the South, particularly among older generations, the distinction can still be significant. A large midday meal, especially on holidays, might be 'dinner,' with the evening meal being 'supper'. This often reflects a connection to agrarian roots.
The Midwest
The Midwest also commonly uses 'supper' for the evening meal, especially in rural areas. For many, 'supper' feels more casual and home-centered compared to 'dinner,' which might be reserved for more formal occasions or dining out.
The Northeast and West
Conversely, 'dinner' is the prevalent term for the evening meal in the Northeast and on the West Coast. 'Supper' is less common in these urbanized regions, sometimes used only for a light, late snack.
The Role of Social Context
The social setting and formality of the meal also influence terminology.
Dinner vs. Supper: A Social Comparison
| Aspect | Dinner | Supper |
|---|---|---|
| Formality | Tends to be more formal. | Generally more casual and informal. |
| Occasion | Used for restaurant outings, dinner parties, holidays like Thanksgiving. | Often used for a casual weeknight meal at home. |
| Guests | Typically a meal where you host guests, or are invited out. | Can be used interchangeably with 'dinner,' but for some, implies a family-only affair. |
| Timing | Standard evening meal, but can also refer to a formal midday meal on special occasions. | Evening meal, but can be a lighter meal eaten later in the evening. |
| Origin | Derived from the Old French 'disjunare,' to break one's fast. | Derived from the Old French 'souper,' meaning to have the evening meal. |
The Modern Blurring of Terms
Modern usage often shows less rigid distinction between dinner and supper due to increased mobility and media influence. Many use the terms interchangeably, or one term is favored within a family. However, 'dinner' is becoming more widely adopted, particularly among younger generations.
Common Mealtime Traditions in America
The evening meal is a significant tradition across America, regardless of the name used.
- The Family Meal: A common ritual for family bonding.
- Weeknight Staples: Casual meals like mac and cheese or meatloaf are frequent.
- Sunday Dinner: Often a special, larger family meal, echoing historical midday "dinner".
- Takeout and Delivery: A convenient modern option.
- Holiday Feasts: Celebratory meals like Thanksgiving dinner, often served earlier, retain their specific name.
Conclusion
What Americans call dinner is a reflection of diverse traditions, influenced by history, geography, and social context. While 'dinner' is now the most common term for the evening meal, 'supper' persists in many regions, embodying a more casual or traditional feel. This linguistic variation offers insight into America's cultural tapestry.
For more insight into the linguistic landscape of the United States, read about regional dialects and how they shape language.
