Culinary Lavender vs. Ornamental Lavender: The Crucial Difference
Not all lavender is created equal, especially when it comes to consumption. The most important distinction to make is between culinary and ornamental varieties. Culinary lavender, primarily English Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), is prized for its low camphor content, which results in a sweeter, more palatable flavor. In contrast, many ornamental types, including Spanish (L. stoechas) and French (L. dentata) lavender, are high in camphor and have a pungent, medicinal, or bitter taste that is undesirable for cooking. Additionally, ornamental plants may have been treated with pesticides not safe for human consumption, so it is vital to source your lavender correctly.
Why L. angustifolia is Best for Cooking
For those looking to add a gentle floral note to their meals, Lavandula angustifolia is the perfect choice. This species is celebrated for its soft flavor profile that complements a wide array of ingredients without overpowering them. Popular culinary cultivars include 'Munstead', 'Hidcote', and 'Royal Velvet', each offering slightly different aromatic characteristics.
What to Expect When Eating Culinary Lavender
In small, culinary amounts, lavender is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA. The experience is primarily one of flavor and aroma, with some potential health benefits.
The Flavor Profile
When used correctly, edible lavender imparts a unique taste that is simultaneously floral, slightly sweet, and faintly minty. It works in harmony with other flavors, such as lemon, honey, and herbs from its mint family, like rosemary and thyme. The key is moderation, as too much will give your food an unpleasant, soapy taste.
Potential Health Benefits
While further research is ongoing, some studies suggest that consuming lavender can offer several wellness benefits:
- Stress and Anxiety Reduction: The compounds linalool and linalyl acetate found in lavender have calming properties that may help alleviate stress and reduce anxiety.
- Improved Sleep Quality: Due to its relaxing effects, consuming lavender in tea or supplements may aid in achieving better sleep.
- Digestive Support: Traditionally, lavender tea has been used to help with digestion, soothing issues like bloating and gas.
- Antioxidant Effects: Lavender contains potent antioxidants that help combat oxidative stress and protect cells from damage.
The Risks of Eating Lavender
Though culinary lavender is safe in small amounts, improper use or overconsumption can lead to adverse effects. The most significant risk comes from accidentally ingesting concentrated essential oils.
Side Effects of Culinary Lavender
Excessive amounts of edible lavender can cause mild side effects for some individuals. These may include constipation, diarrhea, headache, or burping with a floral taste. For most, these issues are minor and easily avoided by using a light hand when cooking.
The Dangers of Lavender Essential Oil
It is critical to distinguish between culinary lavender buds and highly concentrated lavender essential oil. Lavender essential oil is toxic if swallowed and can cause severe symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, and neurological issues. Always ensure any lavender product you plan to ingest is specifically labeled as food-grade or culinary.
How to Safely Incorporate Lavender into Your Diet
For a safe and delicious culinary experience, follow these guidelines:
Tips for Cooking and Baking
- Start Small: Lavender has a powerful flavor. Use sparingly at first, typically a quarter to a half teaspoon of dried buds per recipe, and adjust to taste.
- Source Culinary Grade: Only purchase lavender buds labeled for culinary use from a reputable source. If harvesting from your garden, confirm the species (L. angustifolia) and ensure no pesticides were used.
- Prepare Properly: Gently rub dried buds to release their aromatic oils before use. If using fresh flowers, ensure they are washed thoroughly.
Culinary Uses in Sweet and Savory Dishes
Here are some popular ways to use culinary lavender:
- Baked Goods: Add buds to shortbread, cookies, cakes, and scones.
- Beverages: Steep dried buds for a relaxing lavender tea or create a lavender simple syrup for cocktails and lemonades.
- Infusions: Create lavender-infused honey, sugar, or olive oil for dressings and marinades.
- Herb Blends: Mix dried lavender with other herbs like rosemary and thyme to create rubs for roasted meats or vegetables.
Who Should Avoid Eating Lavender?
Certain individuals should be cautious with or avoid consuming lavender, particularly in supplemental form. These groups include pregnant and breastfeeding women, due to a lack of sufficient safety data, and individuals on sedative or blood pressure medication, as lavender may increase drowsiness or lower blood pressure further. Always consult a healthcare provider before using lavender as a therapeutic remedy.
Conclusion: Savoring Lavender Safely
Eating culinary lavender offers a unique and pleasant experience, adding a touch of floral elegance to a variety of dishes. With its potential calming and digestive benefits, it is a versatile herb to explore. The key to enjoying it safely lies in knowing the crucial difference between culinary and ornamental varieties, using the correct parts of the plant (never the essential oil), and practicing moderation. By following these simple guidelines, you can confidently add a new layer of flavor to your culinary creations while minimizing any potential risks. For more authoritative information on lavender's medicinal uses, you can consult the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH).
