The Ruby Red kiwifruit is a distinctive variety known for its striking red flesh and sweet, berry-like flavor. It's a newer addition to the kiwifruit market, offering a unique twist on the familiar green and gold varieties.
Origin and Development
Red kiwifruit, including the Ruby Red variety, originate from Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis. While red kiwifruit were first identified in China in the 1980s, the Zespri RubyRed variety was developed in New Zealand through a collaboration between Zespri International and Plant & Food Research. This variety resulted from a natural breeding cross in 2007 and was introduced commercially in 2022 after extensive trials. It is also known by the cultivar name Zes008. Other red kiwifruit cultivars exist, such as Hongyang from China and Red Passion from Italy.
Characteristics of Ruby Red Kiwifruit
The most notable characteristic of the Ruby Red kiwifruit is its vibrant red flesh, which gets its color from anthocyanins, natural antioxidants also found in berries. This variety is generally smaller than green or gold kiwifruit and has a smooth, thin skin. Its taste is often described as sweet with hints of berries, and it has a smooth texture.
Nutritional Value
Ruby Red kiwifruit is a nutrient-dense fruit. It is naturally high in antioxidants and is a source of several vitamins and minerals.
Key nutrients include:
- Vitamin C: Important for immune support. Ruby Red kiwifruit has been found to be higher in Vitamin C compared to Zespri Green and SunGold varieties from the 2020 season.
- Anthocyanins: The pigment responsible for the red color, these are natural antioxidants. Consuming polyphenol-rich foods like Ruby Red kiwifruit may have cognitive and mood benefits.
- Vitamin E & A: Contributes to skin and eye health. Ruby Red kiwifruit is higher in Vitamin E compared to Zespri Green and SunGold varieties from the 2020 season.
- Vitamin K: Plays a role in wound healing.
- Potassium, magnesium, calcium: Important for strong bones and fluid balance. Ruby Red kiwifruit is higher in potassium compared to Zespri Green and SunGold varieties from the 2020 season.
- Fiber: Aids digestive health. It is higher in fiber than Zespri SunGold but lower than Zespri Green. The edible skin also provides fiber, Vitamin E, and polyphenols.
- Omega-3s: Found in the edible seeds.
Notably, unlike Zespri Green and SunGold kiwifruit, the actinidin enzyme, which can help with protein digestion and reduce bloating, is absent in Zespri RubyRed.
Comparison to Other Kiwifruit Varieties
| Feature | Ruby Red Kiwifruit | Green Kiwifruit | Gold Kiwifruit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flesh Color | Red | Green | Gold/Yellow |
| Skin | Smooth, thin | Fuzzy | Smooth |
| Flavor | Sweet, berry-like | Tart, slightly acidic | Sweet, tropical |
| Size | Smaller | Medium to large | Medium to large |
| Actinidin | Absent | Present | Present |
| Anthocyanins | Present (gives red color) | Absent | Absent |
| Seasonality | Limited, seasonal | Widely available | Widely available |
Availability and Seasonality
Zespri RubyRed kiwifruit is grown in New Zealand and is a seasonal fruit, typically available for a limited window of up to eight weeks once it reaches stores. It is the first variety from New Zealand to arrive in the market each season.
How to Enjoy Ruby Red Kiwifruit
The sweet, berry-like flavor and smooth texture of Ruby Red kiwifruit make it versatile. It can be enjoyed in various ways:
- Fresh: Cut it in half and scoop out the flesh with a spoon, peel and slice it, or even eat it like an apple with the skin on. The skin is edible and contains beneficial nutrients.
- In dishes: Add it to salads, fruit bowls, parfaits, desserts, smoothies, or use it to make jam or jelly. A simple parfait can be made by layering sliced and cubed Ruby Red kiwifruit with Greek yogurt and granola.
Conclusion
The Ruby Red kiwifruit is a flavorful and nutritious fruit with a visually appealing red interior due to the presence of anthocyanins. Developed in New Zealand, this seasonal variety offers a sweet, berry-like taste and a range of health benefits, including being a good source of Vitamin C and antioxidants. Whether eaten on its own or incorporated into various recipes, the Ruby Red kiwifruit is a delightful and healthy choice.
