The milky mushroom is scientifically known as Calocybe indica and is a commercially cultivated edible fungus primarily found in India and other tropical regions. Beyond its scientific name, it is also referred to by other names, mainly regional to India, such as milky white mushroom, Dhuth chatta, and Swetha Mushroom.
Key Characteristics
- Appearance: Distinctive milky-white to creamy cap and stem.
- Texture: Firm and fleshy, contributing to a longer shelf life.
- Habitat: Thrives in hot, humid tropical climates (25°C to 35°C).
- Flavor: Mild with a meaty texture, versatile for cooking.
Nutritional Value
Milky mushrooms are considered a functional food due to their significant nutritional content and potential health benefits. They are noted for being rich in protein, fiber, B-complex vitamins, vitamin D, and minerals like potassium, phosphorus, calcium, and iron. The presence of antioxidants such as ergothioneine and glutathione also contributes to their health profile.
Comparison with Other Mushrooms
| Feature | Milky Mushroom (Calocybe indica) | Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) | Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ideal Temperature | 25–35°C (tropical/warm) | Below 25°C (cool) | Variable, but some prefer cooler temps |
| Shelf Life | Longer (5–7 days at room temp) | Shorter (turns brown faster) | Shorter than milky |
| Texture | Firm, fleshy, and meaty | Softer, less dense | Delicate, can be chewy |
| Flavor Profile | Mild, with a delicate aroma | Earthy, savory | Mild, sometimes described as seafood-like |
| Nutritional Value | High in protein, fiber, B-vitamins | Moderate protein, vitamins | Good source of protein, vitamins |
| Cultivation Requirements | Thrives on agricultural waste with casing soil | Prefers compost-based substrates | Adaptable to various lignocellulosic substrates |
Cultivation and Culinary Uses
Milky mushrooms are cultivated on agricultural waste materials like straw and require a casing soil layer. Their firm texture and long shelf life make them suitable for various dishes. For cultivation details, refer to the TNAU Agritech Portal: Milky Mushroom Cultivation.
Conclusion
The milky mushroom, scientifically Calocybe indica, is also known as milky white mushroom and regionally in India as Dhuth chatta and Swetha mushroom. It is valued for its robust nature, long shelf life, nutritional benefits, and culinary adaptability. Its suitability for warm climates makes it a significant contributor to food diversity.
