Understanding Chlorophyll vs. Chlorophyllin
At its core, chlorophyll is the green pigment that allows plants to perform photosynthesis, converting sunlight into energy. However, the substance sold in liquid drops, capsules, and powders is not pure chlorophyll. Because natural chlorophyll is fat-soluble and not easily absorbed by the body, supplements contain a semi-synthetic, water-soluble version called chlorophyllin. During manufacturing, the central magnesium atom in the chlorophyll molecule is replaced with copper and sodium, which improves its stability and bioavailability for human consumption.
Bioavailability: Natural Sources vs. Supplements
The bioavailability of chlorophyll from food versus supplements is a critical distinction. When you eat chlorophyll-rich green vegetables, the compound is often degraded and poorly absorbed during digestion. In contrast, the modifications made to chlorophyllin in supplements enhance its absorption, allowing it to enter the bloodstream. Research has detected chlorophyllin compounds in the blood of individuals taking supplements, providing evidence that some absorption occurs.
Potential Health Benefits and Supporting Evidence
While research is still limited and many benefits are not definitively proven in humans, preliminary studies and historical uses point to several potential health effects of chlorophyllin.
Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties
Chlorophyllin demonstrates antioxidant activity by neutralizing free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can damage cells and contribute to chronic disease. In vitro and animal studies have highlighted its ability to reduce oxidative stress, though the degree to which this translates to human health benefits requires more research. Additionally, some animal studies suggest that chlorophyllin may possess anti-inflammatory properties, potentially benefiting inflammatory conditions.
Detoxification Support
One of the most widely promoted benefits of chlorophyll is its role in detoxification, especially its potential to neutralize certain harmful substances.
- Aflatoxin Binding: Chlorophyllin has shown promise in animal and limited human studies for its ability to bind to and block the absorption of aflatoxins, which are cancer-causing compounds produced by mold. This binding action helps escort the toxins out of the body before they can cause cellular damage.
- Liver Function: Though evidence is largely from animal studies, chlorophyll has been associated with supporting liver health and aiding in the elimination of endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
Promoting Skin Health
Both topical application and oral intake of chlorophyllin have been studied for their effects on skin. Topical chlorophyllin has shown more promising results in human pilot studies.
- Acne Reduction: A 2015 pilot study found that a topical gel containing chlorophyllin helped improve facial acne and minimize large pores in participants.
- Anti-Aging Effects: Another pilot study from 2015, also on a small group, found that topical chlorophyllin application over eight weeks helped improve sun-damaged skin.
A Natural Deodorant
Historical use suggests chlorophyllin can help neutralize certain body odors, and some studies, albeit older and mixed in their findings, have explored this effect. It has been used to manage wound and fecal odors and was shown to significantly decrease the fishy body odor in people with trimethylaminuria.
Red Blood Cell Support
The molecular structure of chlorophyll is remarkably similar to hemoglobin, the protein in human red blood cells that carries oxygen. This similarity has led to theories that it could support blood-building. A small 2004 pilot study on wheatgrass (which is rich in chlorophyll) suggested a benefit for people with thalassemia, a blood disorder, but the study did not conclude that chlorophyll was the specific cause of the improvement.
What are the Risks and Side Effects?
While generally considered safe when taken in recommended doses, chlorophyllin can have side effects.
- Digestive upset, including mild diarrhea, stomach cramps, and loose stools.
- Green, yellow, or black discoloration of the tongue, urine, and feces. This is a harmless side effect but can be mistaken for gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Increased skin sensitivity to sunlight, raising the risk of sunburn.
- Possible interactions with certain medications, such as methotrexate. It is not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women due to a lack of safety research.
Natural Chlorophyll vs. Chlorophyllin Supplements
| Feature | Natural Chlorophyll (from food) | Chlorophyllin (from supplements) |
|---|---|---|
| Source | Green fruits and vegetables (e.g., spinach, kale, parsley) | Semi-synthetic compound from chlorophyll |
| Bioavailability | Low absorption in humans due to digestion | Higher absorption due to molecular modification |
| Additional Nutrients | Provides a host of vitamins, minerals, and fiber | Often sold as an isolated compound, fewer other nutrients |
| Cost | Generally more affordable as part of a healthy diet | Can be expensive, especially in liquid form |
| Side Effects | Not associated with side effects in normal dietary amounts | Can cause digestive issues and skin sensitivity |
| Regulatory Status | Regulated as food | Regulated as dietary supplements, not evaluated by the FDA for safety or effectiveness |
How to Incorporate Chlorophyll Into Your Diet
The most effective and safest way to increase your chlorophyll intake is through your diet. A plant-based diet full of green vegetables provides not only chlorophyll but also essential fiber, vitamins, and minerals that work synergistically to benefit health.
Chlorophyll-Rich Foods:
- Leafy Greens: Spinach, kale, collard greens, and Swiss chard are excellent sources.
- Herbs: Parsley, basil, and cilantro contain concentrated amounts.
- Algae: Spirulina and chlorella are exceptionally rich sources of chlorophyll.
- Cruciferous Vegetables: Broccoli and brussels sprouts are also good options.
- Other Greens: Green beans, asparagus, and peas contribute to intake.
Conclusion
While the market is flooded with impressive claims, the scientific evidence for what is chlorophyll good for in humans remains limited, especially for supplements. What we do know is that chlorophyllin has demonstrated potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and detoxifying effects in limited studies, and has shown promise for skin health when applied topically. However, the best and safest source of chlorophyll is a diet rich in green plants, which offers a full spectrum of nutrients and fiber. Consulting with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement is always recommended, particularly for those with existing conditions or on medication. For comprehensive information on dietary factors like chlorophyll, refer to authoritative sources such as the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University.
Authoritative Outbound Link
Linus Pauling Institute - Chlorophyll and Metallo-Chlorophyll Derivatives
