Understanding the Standard Capsule Size Chart
For most home encapsulators and supplement users, the journey to find the largest empty capsule ends with the standard size 000. Capsule sizes are denoted by a numerical system that can seem backward at first glance: the lower the number (and the more zeros), the larger the capsule. This system ranges from the diminutive size 5 all the way up to the robust size 000. A size 000 capsule has a volume of approximately 1.37 ml and can hold between 800 and 1600 mg of material, depending on the powder's density.
Key dimensions of the size 000 capsule
- Overall Closed Length: Approximately 26.1 mm.
- External Diameter: Around 9.91 mm.
- Fill Capacity: The weight a capsule can hold is heavily dependent on the density of the substance being filled. Denser powders will allow for a higher fill weight in the same capsule size.
Where to buy size 000 capsules
Size 000 empty capsules are widely available from various manufacturers and online retailers. They can be found in both hard gelatin and vegetarian options, though some specialty materials may only be available in specific sizes. These are ideal for DIY projects that require a high single dose of a supplement, herb, or custom mix.
The World of Specialty and Veterinary Capsules
While size 000 represents the largest standard capsule, the search for the absolute largest reveals a market for extra-large and specialty capsules, primarily for veterinary use. These are not intended for human consumption due to their size, which would make them impossible for most people to swallow safely.
Examples of extra-large veterinary capsules
- Size 0000: Some specialized manufacturers produce a size 0000, offering an even higher capacity than the triple-zero variety. This is typically used for large livestock.
- Size 13: This veterinary-specific capsule boasts a substantial capacity of 3.2 mL, designed for delivering high doses of medication or supplements to large animals like horses and cattle.
Applications of very large capsules
The immense capacity of veterinary capsules is necessary for a variety of applications, including the administration of high-dose antibiotics, vitamins, and de-worming medications to large animals. In the commercial sphere, they are used by pharmaceutical and nutraceutical companies producing products specifically for animal health.
Comparison of Common Empty Capsule Sizes
| Capsule Size | Approximate Volume (ml) | Approximate Fill Weight (mg) (Low Density Powder) | Approximate Fill Weight (mg) (High Density Powder) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 000 (Triple Zero) | 1.37 | 800 mg | 1600 mg |
| 00 (Double Zero) | 0.91 | 546 mg | 1092 mg |
| 0 (Single Zero) | 0.68 | 408 mg | 816 mg |
| 1 | 0.50 | 300 mg | 600 mg |
| 2 | 0.37 | 222 mg | 444 mg |
Fill weight capacity varies significantly based on the density and granulation of the material being filled.
How to Choose the Right Capsule Size
Choosing the right size is a function of several factors beyond just seeking the largest empty capsule available. The material's bulk density, the target dosage, the intended consumer (human or animal), and the ease of swallowing all play a role. For human use, while size 000 exists, it can be challenging for many people to swallow, and size 00 is often the most practical choice for higher doses. For large animals, specialty veterinary sizes are the clear necessity due to the significantly higher doses required.
Considerations for filling capsules
- Material Density: Fine, dense powders will require a smaller capsule for a given dosage than light, fluffy powders. Calculating the bulk density of your formulation is a crucial first step.
- Target Dosage: Determine the exact milligram (mg) dosage you need per capsule. This will dictate whether a standard or larger capsule is necessary.
- Swallowing Comfort: For human supplements, the swallowability of the capsule is a primary concern. Many users find size 00 to be the upper limit of comfort, with size 0 and 1 being even more common.
- Filling Method: Consider whether you will be filling by hand or using a manual or automatic capsule filling machine. Ensure your equipment is compatible with your chosen capsule size.
For a deeper look into the manufacturing processes and equipment used for encapsulation, Ruida Packing offers a complete guide to capsule sizing.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the largest empty capsule you can buy for general human use is the standard size 000, known as 'triple zero'. It is designed for maximum capacity for high-dose supplements and is widely available in both gelatin and vegetarian forms. However, for exceptionally large doses required in veterinary applications, specialized capsules like the size 0000 or size 13 exist, which far exceed the capacity and swallowability of human-grade products. The ultimate choice of capsule size should be a balanced decision factoring in fill capacity, material density, and the end-user's comfort and safety, ensuring the final product is both effective and easy to consume. For DIY encapsulators, understanding the standard size chart and the nuances of density is the key to creating a successful and accurately dosed supplement.
