Understanding the Source: Seed vs. Whole Plant
Both hemp oil and hemp seed oil come from the Cannabis sativa L. plant, a non-intoxicating variety used for industrial and therapeutic reasons. The main difference is the part of the plant used, which results in two different products with different ingredients and benefits. Hemp seed oil comes only from the seeds, while hemp oil (often called CBD oil or full-spectrum hemp extract) comes from the flowers, leaves, and stalks.
Hemp Seed Oil: A Nutritional Powerhouse
Made by cold-pressing, similar to olive oil, hemp seed oil has a nutty flavor and is full of nutrients used for food and cosmetics. The seeds have many beneficial nutrients but have little to no CBD and THC. This means hemp seed oil does not affect the body's endocannabinoid system and will not provide any therapeutic effects related to cannabinoids.
Nutritional Benefits of Hemp Seed Oil:
- Perfect Fatty Acid Ratio: It has a near-perfect ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids, which is good for human health.
- Skin Health: Its moisturizing and anti-inflammatory properties can help dry skin, eczema, and psoriasis.
- Rich in Nutrients: It is a good source of protein, Vitamin E, antioxidants, carotene, phytosterols, and minerals like magnesium.
- Anti-Aging: Antioxidants help reduce stress, which causes wrinkles.
Hemp Oil (CBD Oil): For Therapeutic Wellness
Also known as full-spectrum hemp extract or CBD oil, this product comes from the upper parts of the plant, where there are the most cannabinoids and other beneficial compounds. Extraction methods, like supercritical CO2, are used to remove a range of compounds, including CBD, other cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. The combined effect of these compounds is called the "entourage effect," which may improve the oil's overall therapeutic potential.
Potential Benefits of Hemp Oil (CBD Oil):
- Interaction with the ECS: The cannabinoids in hemp oil interact with the body's endocannabinoid system to help control mood, sleep, and appetite.
- Pain and Inflammation: Its anti-inflammatory properties may provide natural relief for pain and inflammation.
- Mental Wellness: Some users report that CBD oil helps with anxiety and depression.
- Digestive and Immune Support: Cannabinoids may help digestion and the immune system.
How to Tell the Difference When Shopping
Because of unregulated marketing, the terms "hemp oil" and "hemp seed oil" are often used interchangeably, causing confusion. It is important to read the product label and ingredients list carefully to ensure the correct product is being purchased. Look for "Hemp Extract," "Full Spectrum Hemp Extract," or "Phytocannabinoid Rich Hemp Oil" to confirm it contains cannabinoids. If the label only says "Hemp Seed Oil" or "Cannabis Sativa Seed Oil," it is the nutritional product, not a cannabinoid-rich extract. Price can also be an indicator; a true cannabinoid-rich oil is usually more expensive than hemp seed oil because of the more complex extraction process.
Comparison Table: Hemp Oil vs. Hemp Seed Oil
| Feature | Hemp Oil (CBD Oil/Hemp Extract) | Hemp Seed Oil |
|---|---|---|
| Source | Flowers, leaves, and stalks of the hemp plant | Seeds of the hemp plant |
| CBD/Cannabinoid Content | High; contains a range of cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids | Low to none; lacks cannabinoids unless improperly cleaned |
| Primary Use | Therapeutic and wellness purposes, including pain, inflammation, and anxiety | Nutritional and cosmetic purposes, such as cooking, salad dressings, and skincare |
| Nutritional Profile | Primarily active cannabinoid compounds; often includes a carrier oil like hemp seed or MCT oil | Rich in omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, Vitamin E, and antioxidants |
| Extraction Method | Requires complex processes like CO2 or ethanol extraction | Simple mechanical cold-pressing of the seeds |
| Flavor | Earthy, grassy, and can be more intense due to terpenes | Light, nutty flavor |
| Cost | Generally more expensive due to complex extraction and active ingredients | Significantly less expensive, comparable to other high-quality cooking oils |
The Legal Landscape
The legal status of hemp products is another area of difference. In the United States, the 2018 Farm Bill made hemp and hemp-derived products legal, if the THC content is less than 0.3%. This led to a large CBD market. Because hemp seed oil has no THC or cannabinoids, it has been legal and available for much longer. The legality of cannabinoid-rich hemp oil can vary depending on local rules and THC levels, so it's important for consumers to know the laws in their area.
Conclusion: Making an Informed Choice
The difference between hemp oil and hemp seed oil is important and affects everything from what they are made of to how they are used. Hemp seed oil is a nutrient-rich superfood, valued for its omega fatty acids and vitamins for nutrition and skin applications. In contrast, hemp oil (or CBD oil) is a therapeutic supplement from the plant's flowers and leaves, meant to interact with the body's endocannabinoid system to support wellness. By understanding the source and purpose of each, consumers can make a well-informed decision to achieve their health goals.
