K2 vs. Nattokinase: The Fundamental Difference
While both K2 (menaquinone) and nattokinase are derived from fermented soybeans (natto) and support cardiovascular health, they are fundamentally different substances. K2 is a fat-soluble vitamin, whereas nattokinase is a fibrinolytic enzyme. This distinction dictates their specific actions within the body, which, though distinct, can be complementary.
What is Nattokinase?
Nattokinase is a protease enzyme that is created by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis during the fermentation process of soybeans to make natto. Its primary function in the body is its fibrinolytic activity, which means it helps break down fibrin, a protein that forms blood clots. This action helps to thin the blood and improve overall circulation. By dissolving existing clots and preventing new ones, nattokinase supports healthy blood flow and may help lower blood pressure. The activity of nattokinase is measured in fibrinolytic units (FU) to indicate its potency.
What is Vitamin K2?
Vitamin K2 is one of the two primary forms of vitamin K, the other being K1. As a fat-soluble vitamin, K2 plays a crucial role in regulating calcium metabolism. It activates specific proteins, like osteocalcin and matrix Gla-protein (MGP), that direct calcium to the proper places in the body. This ensures calcium is deposited in bones and teeth for strength while being directed away from arteries and other soft tissues where it could lead to calcification and arterial stiffness. While vitamin K1 is mainly involved in blood clotting, K2's primary focus is on calcium balance and long-term cardiovascular and bone health.
Comparison Table: K2 vs. Nattokinase
| Feature | Nattokinase | Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone) |
|---|---|---|
| Substance Type | Enzyme (Protease) | Vitamin (Fat-Soluble) |
| Source | Produced by Bacillus subtilis during fermentation of soybeans | Created by bacteria in fermented foods (like natto) and found in animal products |
| Function | Breaks down the fibrin protein in blood clots to promote healthy blood flow | Activates proteins to regulate calcium metabolism, directing it to bones and away from arteries |
| Health Focus | Improves circulation, helps dissolve blood clots, and supports healthy blood pressure levels | Supports bone density and prevents arterial calcification and stiffness |
| Risk with Meds | Can increase the effect of anticoagulant medications (blood thinners) | Can interfere with vitamin K antagonist blood thinners |
| Measurement | Fibrinolytic Units (FU) | Micrograms (mcg) |
The Synergistic Relationship
Even though nattokinase and vitamin K2 are not the same and have opposite effects on blood clotting—nattokinase helps break down clots while K2 is involved in coagulation factors—they work together synergistically to support overall cardiovascular wellness. Nattokinase keeps the blood flowing smoothly by breaking down unnecessary fibrin, while vitamin K2 ensures that blood vessels remain flexible and clear of harmful calcium deposits. Together, they provide a dual-action approach to maintaining a healthy circulatory system.
How to Get K2 and Nattokinase
While both can be obtained from eating natto, many people find the taste of this fermented food unappealing. Fortunately, high-quality supplements are widely available for those who prefer an alternative. When choosing a nattokinase supplement, look for one that states its activity in fibrinolytic units (FU). For vitamin K2, supplements often specify the type, with MK-7 being particularly effective due to its longer half-life in the body. Some supplements even combine both K2 and nattokinase for a comprehensive approach.
Important Safety Considerations
Before starting a supplement regimen, it is crucial to consult a healthcare provider, especially if you are taking any medications. Both nattokinase and vitamin K2 can interact with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs. Pregnant or breastfeeding women and individuals with bleeding disorders should also seek medical advice before use. The simultaneous use of nattokinase and vitamin K2 can have complex effects on blood coagulation, necessitating professional guidance. For further information on the mechanism of nattokinase, one can refer to a scientific review detailing its action, as published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences.
Conclusion
To conclude, despite being partners in health, K2 and nattokinase are distinctly different. K2 is a fat-soluble vitamin regulating calcium, while nattokinase is a fibrinolytic enzyme managing blood clots. They function through separate mechanisms to promote cardiovascular health, yet their synergistic actions offer complementary benefits when derived from food or taken as supplements. Always consult a healthcare professional before adding new supplements to your routine.
