What Happens When Water Is Filtered?
Not all water filtration systems are created equal, and the impact they have on your water's mineral content varies significantly. Understanding how your specific filter works is the first step in determining if remineralization is necessary. Common filtration methods include simple carbon filters, which typically retain beneficial minerals, and advanced systems like reverse osmosis (RO) and distillation, which actively remove dissolved solids.
Reverse osmosis forces water through a semi-permeable membrane that captures virtually all dissolved substances, including contaminants like lead and arsenic, but also vital minerals. The result is highly purified, but demineralized, water that can have a flat or bland taste. Distillation has a similar outcome, as the process of boiling and condensing water leaves minerals behind. While these methods are highly effective at purifying water, they strip it of components that contribute to both flavor and health.
The Health Implications of Demineralized Water
The World Health Organization (WHO) has highlighted potential health risks associated with drinking water low in essential minerals like calcium and magnesium. Long-term consumption of demineralized water may disrupt the body's natural mineral and water balance. The body needs electrolytes, and if they are not supplied by water, it will pull them from its own reserves. Some of the documented health concerns include:
- Mineral Depletion: When used for cooking, demineralized water can leach minerals out of food, significantly reducing its nutritional value. For instance, cooking with soft water can strip up to 60% of calcium and magnesium from food.
- Cardiovascular Risks: Epidemiological studies in various countries have found an association between drinking soft water (low in calcium and magnesium) and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
- Increased Toxin Intake: Low-mineral water is highly corrosive, meaning it can leach metals like lead and cadmium from plumbing and fixtures into your drinking water.
- Poor Hydration: The absence of minerals, which act as electrolytes, can compromise proper cellular hydration. Electrolytes help the body absorb water more effectively.
Methods for Remineralizing Filtered Water
Thankfully, if you use a filtration system that removes minerals, there are several effective ways to restore them. The best method for you depends on your budget, convenience needs, and desired level of control.
Remineralization Options at a Glance
| Method | Cost | Convenience | Mineral Range | Customization | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inline Cartridge | High initial, moderate replacement | Very High | Full spectrum (Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium) | None | 'Set-it-and-forget-it' option, automatically treats all water. Best for RO systems. |
| Mineral Drops | Low initial, high long-term | Moderate | Full spectrum (Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium, trace minerals) | Very High | Manual dosage per glass or pitcher, great for travel. Can be expensive over time. |
| Alkaline Pitcher | Moderate initial, moderate replacement | Moderate | Limited (adds some Ca, Mg, K) | None | Raises pH and adds some minerals, but less effective for full remineralization. Requires regular refills. |
| Mineral Stones/Beads | Low initial, very low replacement | Low | Limited (adds some Ca, Mg, K, trace minerals) | None | Very slow infusion process, works best in a pitcher or dispenser. Mineral output can be inconsistent. |
| Himalayan/Sea Salt | Very Low | High | Limited (mainly Sodium) | Moderate | Adds electrolytes but requires very precise measurement to avoid bad taste or excessive sodium. |
The Role of Essential Minerals in Water
While food is the main source of dietary minerals, those found in water are readily absorbed by the body. Restoring these minerals can significantly impact your health and overall well-being. Some of the most important minerals to add back include:
- Calcium: Crucial for bone health, nerve function, and muscle contraction. A minimum of 20 mg/L in drinking water is recommended by some researchers.
- Magnesium: Involved in over 300 enzymatic reactions, magnesium supports muscle and nerve function, and regulates blood pressure. A minimum of 10 mg/L in drinking water is recommended.
- Potassium: Essential for maintaining fluid balance and healthy heart function.
- Sodium: Regulates body fluid balance and nerve function. When added via a remineralization filter, it can also enhance water's taste.
Conclusion: Making the Right Choice for Your Health
Deciding whether you need to add minerals to your filtered water ultimately depends on your filtration system and personal health goals. For most users of high-efficiency filters like reverse osmosis, remineralization is a simple and beneficial step. Not only does it enhance the taste and improve hydration, but it also helps offset the potential health risks associated with low-mineral water consumption, as noted by the World Health Organization. Whether you opt for a convenient inline filter or the manual control of mineral drops, ensuring your water contains a healthy balance of essential minerals is a small change with potentially significant health benefits. The best choice is an informed one, based on your system, lifestyle, and dietary needs.
World Health Organization - Health Risks From Drinking Demineralised Water
