Does Ponmo Contain Collagen? Unpacking the Nutritional Truth

January 10, 2026 •

4 min read

Despite some popular misconceptions, scientific reports and nutritional analyses confirm that ponmo, or cow skin, does indeed contain collagen. This chewy delicacy, beloved in many West African cuisines, is primarily composed of this structural protein, offering a range of potential health benefits alongside its unique texture.

Quick Summary

Ponmo, a Nigerian delicacy made from cow skin, is predominantly composed of collagen, a protein important for skin and joint health. While it contains beneficial nutrients, its protein is of lower biological value than lean meat. The nutritional profile is also heavily influenced by its processing method.

Key Points

Ponmo is rich in collagen: As processed cow skin, ponmo is an abundant source of collagen, the structural protein vital for skin, joint, and bone health.
Protein quality is low: Although high in total protein, the collagen in ponmo is considered an 'incomplete' protein because it lacks some essential amino acids found in lean meat.
Health benefits for skin and joints: Consuming ponmo can contribute to improved skin elasticity, reduced wrinkles, and better joint and bone health due to its high collagen content.
Processing method matters for safety: White ponmo, which is boiled after hair removal, is safer than brown ponmo, which is often singed with potentially carcinogenic materials like tires.
Not a replacement for lean meat: Ponmo should be viewed as a complementary protein source, not a nutritional substitute for meat, fish, or other sources of complete protein.
Check your source carefully: To minimize health risks from contamination, it is crucial to purchase ponmo from vendors who use clean and hygienic processing methods.

The Core of Ponmo: A Rich Source of Collagen

At its most fundamental level, ponmo is the hide of a cow that has been processed for consumption. The skin itself is packed with collagen, the most abundant protein in the body, which provides structure to our skin, bones, tendons, and ligaments. When cowhide is boiled to create the soft, chewy texture characteristic of ponmo, this collagen is converted into gelatin. This process is what makes ponmo not only a flavorful ingredient but also a natural source of collagen peptides, similar to bone broth.

The Role of Collagen for Body and Skin

Consuming collagen-rich foods is believed to offer several potential health advantages. For centuries, traditional medicines and diets have incorporated gelatinous meats and broths for their perceived benefits. Modern nutritional science has shed more light on why this may be the case.

Joint Health: Collagen is a key component of cartilage, the rubbery tissue that protects joints. As we age, natural collagen production decreases, which can contribute to joint pain and conditions like osteoarthritis. The amino acids in collagen, such as glycine and proline, are crucial for supporting cartilage health.
Skin Elasticity and Appearance: Collagen gives skin its strength and elasticity. Increased dietary intake of collagen can help improve skin hydration, reduce the appearance of wrinkles, and slow the signs of aging.
Muscle Growth and Repair: The amino acids in collagen, particularly glycine, are important for muscle growth and tissue repair, making it beneficial for both young, developing bodies and athletes.
Bone Density: Collagen provides the framework for bones. Adequate intake is linked to maintaining bone density and can help reduce the risk of osteoporosis.

Nutritional Comparison: Ponmo vs. Lean Meat

While ponmo is undeniably a source of protein and beneficial nutrients, it is important to understand how it compares to more traditional, lean cuts of meat. The primary difference lies in the quality of the protein.


Feature	Ponmo (Cow Skin)	Lean Beef/Meat	Result
Primary Protein	Collagen (incomplete protein)	Myofibrillar Protein (complete protein)	Lean meat provides all essential amino acids.
Biological Value	Low	High	Protein from lean meat is more efficiently used by the body.
Fat Content	Very Low (when processed correctly)	Low to moderate, depending on the cut	Ponmo is a good low-fat option.
Mineral Content	Contains some minerals (iron, zinc, magnesium)	Generally richer in iron, zinc, and other minerals	Lean meat offers a broader spectrum of micronutrients.
Vitamins	Minimal	Richer source of B-vitamins	Lean meat is more nutritionally dense overall.

The Importance of Safe and Proper Processing

The method of processing ponmo is critical, not just for taste and texture but for safety. There are two main types:

White Ponmo: Typically produced by shaving the cowhide to remove hair and then boiling it. This is generally considered the safer option as it avoids the use of harsh chemicals or burning.
Brown Ponmo: Often produced by singeing the hide over an open flame, sometimes using materials like tires or plastics to speed up the process. This method can introduce harmful, cancer-causing substances like Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) into the final product. For this reason, many health authorities have warned against consuming brown ponmo.

Conclusion

So, does ponmo contain collagen? The answer is a definitive yes. It is, in fact, almost entirely composed of collagen and its derivative, gelatin. This makes ponmo a source of valuable amino acids that support skin elasticity, joint health, and bone density. However, it is essential to recognize that the protein in ponmo is of lower biological value than that found in lean meat, as it lacks certain essential amino acids. Therefore, it should be consumed as part of a varied diet that includes other, more complete protein sources. Crucially, for health and safety, consumers should always opt for the white, properly processed version of ponmo to avoid potential contamination from hazardous processing methods.

Summary of Ponmo's Nutritional Profile

Here is a general overview of the nutritional facts for 100 grams of cooked ponmo:

Energy: Approximately 224.65 kcal
Protein: ~46.9g
Fat: ~1.09g
Carbohydrates: ~6.8g
Fiber: ~0.02g
Minerals: Includes trace amounts of calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc.

Disclaimer: The nutritional content of ponmo can vary significantly based on its processing and preparation. For a truly balanced diet, ponmo should complement, not replace, other protein sources like fish, lean meats, and legumes.

Processing and Safety Concerns

The safety concerns surrounding ponmo are primarily tied to unhygienic and toxic processing methods. The practice of burning the cowhide with materials like tires introduces carcinogens and other contaminants into the food. Health-conscious consumers should prioritize reputable, hygienic sources and choose ponmo that has been properly cleaned and boiled. In light of these risks, some regulatory bodies have even issued warnings against consuming certain types of ponmo.

Frequently Asked Questions

Ponmo is rich in total protein, but this protein is mostly collagen, which is considered 'incomplete' because it lacks some essential amino acids. While it contributes to your protein intake, it is not as nutritionally valuable as a source of complete protein like fish or lean meat.

White ponmo is typically prepared by shaving the cowhide and boiling it, which is the safer method. Brown ponmo is often prepared by singeing the cowhide with fire, and this process can introduce harmful, cancer-causing chemicals into the food.

Yes, ponmo is rich in collagen, which is a protein essential for skin elasticity and hydration. Regular consumption of collagen is associated with healthier skin and a reduction in wrinkles.

Yes, the collagen and gelatin in ponmo contain amino acids that are key components of joint cartilage. Consuming it may help support joint health and reduce associated discomfort, especially in older individuals.

No, it is not considered safe. Health authorities warn against consuming ponmo that has been burnt, as the process often involves burning materials like tires or plastics, which releases carcinogenic substances into the food.

Ponmo is relatively low in fat and calories when cooked properly without excess oil. Its chewy texture can also promote satiety, helping you feel fuller for longer. It can be a low-calorie substitute for fattier meats for those managing their weight.

No, ponmo should not replace other meats. While it offers some benefits from its collagen content, its protein is of a lower biological value. It is best enjoyed as a supplement to a balanced diet that includes a variety of complete protein sources.