The Discrepancy Between Dark Chocolate and Hershey's Special Dark
When people reach for dark chocolate, they are often motivated by the widely publicized health benefits associated with high-cacao varieties, such as improved heart health, antioxidant properties, and essential minerals. However, not all products labeled "dark chocolate" are created equal. Hershey's Special Dark provides a case study in why understanding the details matters, as its processing and composition significantly alter its health profile compared to premium dark chocolates.
The Nutritional Profile: Sugar and Fat
One of the first factors to consider is the sugar content. While high-cacao dark chocolate (70-85%) is known for being lower in sugar than its milk chocolate counterparts, Hershey's Special Dark is quite sweet and contains a significant amount of added sugar. According to the Environmental Working Group (EWG), one version of the product is approximately 54% sugar by weight, and a typical bar serving can contain over 20 grams of added sugar. This places it in the category of ultra-processed foods, which health experts link to a higher risk of health issues like heart disease and obesity. A high sugar intake can counteract many of the purported benefits of dark chocolate, especially for those managing blood sugar or weight.
The Antioxidant Myth: Dutching and Low Flavanols
A primary health benefit of dark chocolate comes from its high concentration of flavanols, powerful antioxidants found in cocoa solids. However, Hershey's Special Dark is processed with alkali, a technique also known as "dutching". This process is used to reduce the natural bitterness of cacao and create a milder flavor. The significant drawback is that dutching dramatically lowers the flavanol content. ConsumerLab.com found that Hershey's Special Dark had one of the lowest concentrations of cocoa flavanols among the dark chocolates it tested, far less than what is needed to confer the cardiovascular benefits often cited in studies. The product also contains a relatively low 45% cacao, further limiting its antioxidant potential.
The Heavy Metal Warning: Lead and Cadmium
Perhaps the most alarming health concern regarding Hershey's Special Dark is the issue of heavy metal contamination. In recent years, Consumer Reports (CR) conducted tests on numerous dark chocolate bars and found concerning levels of heavy metals like lead and cadmium in many products, including Hershey's Special Dark Mildly Sweet Chocolate. The CR tests found that one ounce of Hershey's Special Dark contained lead at 265% above California's maximum allowable dose level (MADL). While heavy metals naturally occur in soil, consistent exposure, even at low levels, can be harmful, particularly for children and pregnant individuals, as it can cause developmental and neurological problems. This has even led to lawsuits against the company.
Comparison: Hershey's vs. Premium Dark Chocolate
To put these findings into perspective, here is a comparison table highlighting the differences between Hershey's Special Dark and a higher-quality, non-dutched dark chocolate.
| Feature | Hershey's Special Dark (45% Cacao) | Premium Dark Chocolate (70-85% Cacao) |
|---|---|---|
| Cacao Percentage | ~45% | 70-85% |
| Sugar Content | High (over 50% by weight) | Significantly lower |
| Antioxidant (Flavanol) Level | Low (processed with alkali) | High (minimal processing) |
| Heavy Metal Concerns | Tested high in lead | Varies by brand and source; some have low levels |
| Processing | Ultra-processed | Less processed |
How to choose a healthier dark chocolate
If you're seeking the genuine health benefits of dark chocolate, consider the following:
- Check the Cacao Percentage: Aim for at least 70% cacao. The higher the percentage, the less sugar and more flavanols the chocolate contains.
- Read the Ingredients: Look for simple ingredients. Cocoa solids, cocoa butter, and sugar are standard. Be wary of long ingredient lists or extra additives.
- Avoid "Processed with Alkali": This label, also known as dutching, indicates reduced flavanol content.
- Research Heavy Metal Levels: Brands vary in their heavy metal contamination. Consumer reports and other independent testing sources can be a valuable tool in making an informed choice. Consumer Reports analysis
- Consider Organic or Fair-Trade Options: These brands often prioritize high-quality ingredients and production processes, which can sometimes correlate with lower heavy metal levels and better overall quality.
Conclusion: Moderation is Key, But Be Informed
Is Hershey's Special Dark healthy? The answer is complex. Compared to milk chocolate, it offers a milder dark chocolate flavor with some cocoa content. However, when measured against the standards of health-promoting dark chocolate, it falls significantly short. Its high sugar content, low antioxidant levels due to alkali processing, and concerning levels of heavy metal contamination make it a less desirable choice for those focused on health. While enjoying a piece occasionally as an indulgence is fine, it should not be considered a health food. For consumers who truly want the benefits of dark chocolate, opting for a higher-cacao, minimally processed bar from a reputable brand is the far healthier option.
