The pH scale measures how acidic or alkaline a substance is, with 7.0 representing a perfectly neutral balance. While pure, distilled water straight from the process is neutral, exposure to air can cause its pH to become slightly acidic. For commercially bottled waters, achieving and maintaining a pH of 7 depends on the source and purification method. Many purified and distilled brands intentionally balance their water to a neutral level for a clean taste.
Brands with a Neutral or Near-Neutral pH
Several popular bottled water brands are known for having a pH of 7 or being very close to it. These often include processed waters where the manufacturer controls the final mineral content to achieve balance. Natural spring waters, in contrast, may have varying pH levels depending on the geological makeup of their source.
- Smartwater: This brand is purified through distillation, a process that removes impurities, and then has electrolytes added back for taste. According to brand information, it is designed to be a pH of 7.
- Distilled Water Brands: Any brand that sells distilled water, where all minerals and impurities are removed, will have a pH very close to 7 immediately after bottling.
- LIFEWTR: Often marketed as 'pH balanced', LIFEWTR uses reverse osmosis purification and adds magnesium sulfate and potassium bicarbonate. Its pH typically ranges between 6.8 and 7.2, making it very close to neutral.
The Difference Between Processed and Natural Water
The primary difference between bottled water types with respect to pH lies in their source and how they are treated. This distinction heavily influences the final pH level and mineral composition.
Processed Water (Distilled or Purified)
This water is taken from a municipal or other source and put through an extensive purification process, such as distillation or reverse osmosis, which strips it of almost everything—including minerals. A neutral pH is often a deliberate, engineered outcome.
Natural Water (Spring or Artesian)
Sourced from underground aquifers, natural waters get their unique mineral profile and flavor by filtering through rock. The final pH is a result of this natural process and can be slightly acidic, neutral, or alkaline. Fiji, for example, is artesian water with a pH of 7.7.
What Determines Bottled Water pH?
Beyond the initial source, several factors can influence the final pH of bottled water. Manufacturers use specific processes to control the outcome, while storage and exposure to air can cause natural variations.
Purification Methods
- Distillation and Reverse Osmosis: These methods are designed to purify water by removing contaminants and minerals. As a result, the water's natural buffering capacity is lost, and the pH can become unstable. Mineral salts are often added back to stabilize and balance the pH.
- Natural Filtration: For spring or artesian waters, the pH is determined by the geology. Water percolating through limestone or volcanic rock can pick up minerals that increase alkalinity.
Exposure to Air
Once a bottle of water is opened, it begins to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This CO2 reacts with the water to form carbonic acid, which can cause the pH to drop slightly over time. While the change is minor and not harmful, it is why even neutral water won't remain at a perfect 7 indefinitely.
Additives and Minerals
Brands that add minerals for flavor or health benefits can also alter the water's pH. Electrolytes, like those found in Smartwater, are added back after distillation to create a specific taste profile and a balanced pH.
Comparison of Bottled Water Brands by pH
| Brand | Source Type | Purification Method | Typical pH Level | Why it Matters |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smartwater | Municipal | Distilled + Electrolytes | ~7.0 | Purified and balanced for neutral taste. |
| LIFEWTR | Municipal | Reverse Osmosis + Minerals | 6.8 - 7.2 | Marketed as 'pH balanced', a safe, neutral choice. |
| Fiji | Artesian | Natural Filtration | 7.7 | Naturally alkaline due to volcanic rock filtration. |
| Evian | Spring | Natural Filtration | 7.2 | Naturally balanced, derived from the French Alps. |
| Dasani | Municipal | Reverse Osmosis + Minerals | 5.6 | Slightly acidic due to mineral additives for taste. |
| Aquafina | Municipal | Purified | 5.5 - 7 | Can be slightly acidic, but varies. |
Conclusion: Finding the Right Neutral Water
While many bottled waters are marketed with an emphasis on either acidic or alkaline properties, finding one with a stable, neutral pH of 7 is a straightforward process. Brands like Smartwater and LIFEWTR that use purification processes like distillation or reverse osmosis and then add electrolytes are reliable options for a balanced pH. For consumers interested in pure, neutral water without any additives, freshly bottled distilled water is the closest you can get to a perfect 7. Ultimately, the choice depends on your preference for taste and desired mineral content, but many easily accessible brands provide a safe, neutral pH level that is well within the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) recommended drinking water range of 6.5 to 8.5.
For more information on water standards and regulations, visit the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's website.