The dietary practices of Seventh-day Adventists are rooted in a holistic health message that views the body as the temple of the Holy Spirit. This message is inspired by biblical principles and extended by the writings of church co-founder Ellen G. White. For Adventists, making healthful food choices is a way to honor God and maintain optimal well-being. These practices fall into several key areas, ranging from outright prohibitions to strong discouragement of certain items.
Biblically "Unclean" Meats Are Prohibited
The most fundamental and non-negotiable dietary restriction for Adventists is the avoidance of "unclean" meats, as defined in Leviticus 11 and Deuteronomy 14. These passages divide animals into categories of clean and unclean, a distinction Adventists see as a health matter rather than a ceremonial law.
Types of Unclean Animals
- Mammals: Animals that do not have both a divided hoof and chew the cud are considered unclean. This includes pork (pigs), rabbits, and camels. Pork is particularly prominent among the prohibitions due to biblical instruction and traditional Adventist teaching.
- Marine Animals: Any sea creature that lacks both fins and scales is off-limits. This includes shellfish such as shrimp, crab, oysters, and lobster, as well as any other soft-bodied sea animals.
- Birds: Specific birds, particularly birds of prey and scavengers like eagles, vultures, and hawks, are listed as unclean.
- Other Creatures: Most insects are forbidden, except for those with jointed legs for hopping, such as locusts and crickets.
Alcohol and Caffeinated Beverages Are Avoided
In addition to meat restrictions, Adventists practice temperance, which includes abstaining entirely from anything considered harmful to the body. This principle leads them to avoid several common beverages.
- Alcohol: Consumption of any alcoholic beverage is prohibited. This is based on biblical principles and a belief that alcohol is harmful to physical and mental health.
- Caffeine: Stimulating beverages like coffee, tea, and caffeinated sodas are strongly discouraged. This is because they unnaturally excite the nerves and can have negative long-term health effects. Herbal teas and natural fruit juices are often preferred.
Processed Foods and Rich Condiments are Discouraged
The Adventist health message also advocates for a diet centered on whole, natural foods and promotes moderation. This principle leads to discouraging the use of overly rich or stimulating items.
- Refined Sugars and Sweets: Excessive sugar consumption is discouraged due to its detrimental health effects. The focus is on natural sweetness found in fruits rather than processed sugars.
- High-Fat Dairy Products: While some vegetarians within the church may consume dairy, high-fat versions are discouraged in favor of lower-fat alternatives or plant-based milks.
- Hot Spices and Condiments: Overly stimulating hot spices and condiments are often avoided, as they can be harmful to the digestive system.
Different Variations of the Adventist Diet
It's important to recognize that not all Adventists follow the same exact diet. The church promotes a range of options, from vegetarianism to full veganism, with personal choice and conscience playing a significant role in individual practice.
| Dietary Group | Animal Products Included | Animal Products Excluded | Percentage of Adventists (Approx.) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vegan | None | All animal products, including meat, dairy, eggs | 8% |
| Lacto-Ovo Vegetarian | Eggs, low-fat dairy | Meat, poultry, fish | 40% |
| Pescatarian | Fish, eggs, low-fat dairy | Meat, poultry | Less common variation |
| Non-Vegetarian | "Clean" meat (e.g., beef, chicken), eggs, low-fat dairy | All "unclean" meat (pork, shellfish, etc.) | About 50% |
Why Do Adventists Follow These Dietary Rules?
This isn't about salvation, but about stewarding the body, which Adventists believe is God's temple. The health message began in the 1860s and has since been supported by modern scientific research. The Adventist Health Study, conducted by researchers at Loma Linda University, has shown that following a plant-based diet is associated with lower rates of many chronic diseases and increased longevity. Adhering to these principles is seen as a way to live a longer, healthier, and more vibrant life.
Conclusion: A Lifestyle of Intentional Choices
In summary, what foods Adventists cannot eat are defined by a combination of biblical tradition and a progressive health message that prioritizes wellness. While unclean meats like pork and shellfish are strictly off-limits, and alcohol and caffeine are prohibited, the broader Adventist diet is primarily plant-based. The specific level of vegetarianism can vary based on personal interpretation and choice. This health-conscious approach, which extends to avoiding refined and over-stimulating foods, is a key component of the Adventist belief system, aimed at fostering a life of vitality and spiritual clarity.
