The Immediate Dangers: Choking and Aspiration
Eating a large quantity of raw, ground cinnamon at once is exceptionally difficult and dangerous due to its unique physical properties. Unlike sugar or salt, cinnamon powder does not dissolve in saliva. Its fine, dry texture causes it to rapidly absorb moisture from the mouth and throat, creating a thick, pasty substance that is nearly impossible to swallow. This triggers a powerful gag reflex, coughing, and choking. When a person gags or coughs, they risk accidentally inhaling the powder into their lungs.
The threat of aspiration pneumonia
Inhaling cinnamon powder is particularly hazardous. Cinnamon contains cellulose fibers, which the lungs cannot break down. These fibers can accumulate in the lungs, leading to inflammation and scarring. This condition is known as aspiration pneumonia and can result in progressive lung damage, a collapsed lung, and may require hospitalization. Individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions like asthma are at an even higher risk for severe breathing difficulties. The compound cinnamaldehyde, which gives cinnamon its distinctive flavor, can also irritate the mucous membranes of the mouth, throat, and nose, causing a burning sensation.
Long-Term Risks: The Problem with Coumarin
Beyond the immediate choking danger, the long-term consumption of large amounts of raw cinnamon, particularly the common Cassia variety, poses a significant health risk due to its high coumarin content. Coumarin is a natural flavoring that can be moderately toxic to the liver if ingested in excessive quantities over a prolonged period. Many consumers are unaware of the crucial distinction between the two main types of cinnamon widely available.
Cassia vs. Ceylon: A vital difference
Cassia cinnamon, which is the cheaper and most commonly sold cinnamon in grocery stores, contains high levels of coumarin. Conversely, Ceylon or "true" cinnamon, which is more expensive, contains only trace amounts of this compound. For this reason, European health agencies and risk assessment bodies have set a Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) for coumarin and recommend limiting the consumption of Cassia cinnamon. Eating excessive Cassia over time can lead to liver toxicity and damage, especially for those with pre-existing liver conditions.
Other Potential Adverse Effects of Raw Cinnamon
Even in lower doses, raw cinnamon can trigger other undesirable effects. Its high concentration of cinnamaldehyde can cause allergic reactions in some individuals, leading to mouth sores, known as cinnamon stomatitis. This can manifest as white patches or irritation inside the mouth. Consuming large amounts can also lead to gastrointestinal issues, such as nausea, upset stomach, or diarrhea.
For those taking certain medications, particularly for diabetes, heart disease, or liver conditions, excessive cinnamon intake can be problematic. Cinnamon is known to lower blood sugar and can potentially enhance the effects of diabetes medication, causing blood sugar to drop too low (hypoglycemia). Furthermore, Cassia cinnamon can interfere with liver enzymes that metabolize other drugs, potentially increasing their side effects or toxic levels in the body. This is a particular concern with medications like blood thinners and statins. It is crucial to consult with a healthcare provider before taking cinnamon supplements or drastically increasing intake if you are on any medication.
Cassia vs. Ceylon Cinnamon Comparison
| Feature | Cassia Cinnamon | Ceylon Cinnamon | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Origin | Mainly from China, Vietnam, Indonesia | Primarily from Sri Lanka | Cassia is the more common and affordable variety. |
| Coumarin Content | High (0.1–3.5 mg per gram) | Very low (trace amounts) | High doses of coumarin can be toxic to the liver over time. |
| Flavor | Stronger, spicier, and more pungent | Milder, sweeter, and more delicate | Culinary preference varies based on the dish. |
| Appearance | Thick, rough bark, rolls into a single quill | Thin, papery bark, multiple layers rolled together | The physical appearance can help distinguish the two. |
| Cost | Less expensive | More expensive | Cost difference is a primary reason for Cassia's prevalence. |
| Culinary Use | Common for everyday cooking and baking | Often preferred in desserts and delicate dishes | Can be used interchangeably, but coumarin is a factor. |
Safely Enjoying Cinnamon's Benefits
When used correctly and in moderation, cinnamon is a healthy spice packed with antioxidants that offer anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti-diabetic properties. The key is to avoid consuming it in large, raw amounts. Instead, sprinkle small quantities on food, mix it into drinks like tea or coffee, or use it in cooked dishes and baked goods. This way, the risks associated with dry powder inhalation and excessive coumarin intake are mitigated, allowing you to enjoy the spice's numerous benefits safely. A teaspoon per day or less is generally considered safe for most healthy adults, especially if using Cassia, but Ceylon is the safer option for more frequent use due to its minimal coumarin levels. For more information on using dietary supplements safely, consider resources like the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH).
Conclusion
What happens when you eat raw cinnamon, particularly in the large quantities seen in viral challenges, is that you expose yourself to immediate and significant health risks, most notably choking and the potential for long-term lung damage. Additionally, regular or excessive consumption of the common Cassia variety can lead to liver toxicity due to its high coumarin content. While cinnamon offers many potential health benefits in moderation, these are negated by the dangers of ingesting it incorrectly. The bottom line is that raw, large doses of cinnamon are not safe and should be avoided entirely. Anyone with pre-existing medical conditions or on medication should consult a doctor before increasing their cinnamon intake to avoid harmful interactions. Enjoy cinnamon as it was intended—as a delicious and potent spice in small, sensible amounts. For further information, see the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.
