What are the common alternative names for sacha inchi?
Beyond its primary name, sacha inchi is known by several other monikers that reflect its origins and characteristics. The most prominent alternative names include:
- Inca nut: This name pays homage to the ancient Inca civilization and pre-Inca cultures in Peru, who first cultivated and utilized the plant for its nutritious properties. Archaeological findings, including depictions of the plant on ceramics, suggest its importance in these early societies.
- Mountain peanut: This name is often used because the seeds are edible and consumed in a manner similar to peanuts, though sacha inchi is not a legume and grows on a vine. It is important to note, however, that sacha inchi should not be confused with the common peanut (Arachis hypogaea).
- Sacha peanut: A direct translation of the Quechua words sacha ('false') and inchi ('peanut'), this name reinforces the seed's nut-like qualities while clarifying that it is not a true peanut.
- Plukenetia volubilis: This is the plant's scientific binomial name, referring to the specific species in the Euphorbiaceae family. While less common in casual conversation, it is the standard name used in botanical and scientific contexts.
Why does sacha inchi have so many names?
The various names for sacha inchi stem from its long history and widespread cultivation, beginning with indigenous communities in the Amazon rainforest. As the plant's use spread, different cultures and regions adopted their own names for it based on its appearance, uses, or resemblance to other foods. The seeds' nutty flavor and high protein content led to comparisons with the familiar peanut, while its historical ties to the Inca people led to names like 'Inca nut'.
A comparison of sacha inchi and traditional peanuts
Despite the similar name, sacha inchi and traditional peanuts have some significant differences. The following table highlights key distinctions between them, shedding light on why sacha inchi is considered a "superfood".
| Feature | Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) | Traditional Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) |
|---|---|---|
| Plant Type | Perennial vine | Annual legume |
| Native Region | Amazon rainforest, South America | South America (widely cultivated) |
| Omega-3 Content | Exceptionally high, often 42–58% of total fatty acids | Very low to negligible |
| Fatty Acid Profile | Rich in omega-3 (ALA) and omega-6 fatty acids, with a healthy balance | Higher in omega-6 fatty acids |
| Allergen Status | Not a tree nut or legume, considered non-allergenic for those with peanut allergies | Common and severe allergen for many individuals |
| Growth Habit | Produces distinctive star-shaped fruit capsules with seeds inside | Produces pods that grow underground |
The nutritional benefits of sacha inchi
Regardless of what you call it, the health benefits of this Amazonian seed are well-documented. Sacha inchi is a nutritional powerhouse, offering a rich profile of essential fatty acids, protein, and antioxidants.
- Excellent source of omega-3: Sacha inchi seeds are one of the richest plant-based sources of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid crucial for brain function, anti-inflammatory processes, and cardiovascular health. This makes it a popular alternative for those seeking omega-3s from non-animal sources.
- Complete plant-based protein: The seeds boast a high protein content, containing all eight essential amino acids. This makes sacha inchi a complete protein, which is rare for a plant-based food and highly valuable for vegetarians and vegans.
- Rich in antioxidants: The seeds and oil contain significant levels of antioxidants like vitamin E and vitamin A. These compounds help protect the body's cells from oxidative damage, supporting overall health and potentially slowing down the aging process.
- Digestive and skin health: The high fiber content in the seeds supports healthy digestion. Furthermore, the oil's beneficial fatty acids are used in cosmetics and skin care products for their moisturizing and anti-aging effects.
Conclusion
Sacha inchi is known by several names, most notably Inca nut, mountain peanut, and its scientific name, Plukenetia volubilis. These different names reflect its long history and adoption by various cultures, but they all refer to the same nutrient-dense seed from the Amazon. For consumers, recognizing these alternative names can be helpful when searching for this powerful and versatile superfood. Its rich omega fatty acid profile, high protein content, and antioxidant properties make it a valuable addition to many diets, whether enjoyed as a roasted snack, pressed oil, or protein powder.
