What is the difference between CoQ10 and PQQ 10?

November 22, 2025 •

4 min read

Your body produces CoQ10, but not PQQ, and this fundamental difference dictates their unique roles in cellular energy and mitochondrial health. This article breaks down the distinct functions of these potent compounds and explains how they contribute to overall well-being.

Quick Summary

CoQ10 fuels existing mitochondria for cellular energy production, while PQQ promotes the growth of new mitochondria through biogenesis. They work together synergistically to enhance mitochondrial function and protect cells from oxidative stress.

Key Points

Primary Function: CoQ10 fuels existing mitochondria for energy production, whereas PQQ stimulates the growth of new mitochondria through biogenesis.
Body Production: The body's ability to produce CoQ10 naturally declines with age, but PQQ is not synthesized by the body at all and must be acquired through diet or supplements.
Antioxidant Power: PQQ is a significantly more potent antioxidant than CoQ10, offering thousands of times the capacity of vitamin C.
Synergistic Effect: Taking CoQ10 and PQQ together is considered more effective than either alone, as they work in concert to boost mitochondrial function.
Health Focus: CoQ10 is widely used for heart health and general energy support, while PQQ is recognized for its neuroprotective benefits and support of brain function.
Absorption: CoQ10 is fat-soluble and should be taken with food, whereas PQQ is water-soluble and can be taken at any time.

Understanding the Role of CoQ10: The Mitochondrial Workhorse

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a compound that plays an essential role in your body's energy production. Found in the mitochondria of nearly every cell, CoQ10 is a critical component of the electron transport chain, which generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of the cell. As a natural part of the cellular engine, CoQ10 is most concentrated in organs with high energy demands, such as the heart, liver, and muscles.

Unlike PQQ, your body naturally synthesizes CoQ10. However, endogenous production of CoQ10 naturally declines with age. This decline, combined with other factors like disease or certain medications (notably statins), can lead to lower levels, impacting cellular energy and overall health. In addition to its direct role in energy creation, CoQ10 is also a powerful fat-soluble antioxidant. It helps neutralize harmful free radicals, protecting cells from oxidative damage.

Understanding the Role of PQQ: The Mitochondrial Builder

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a much newer discovery in the field of nutritional science and, unlike CoQ10, is not produced by the human body. Instead, it must be obtained from dietary sources like fermented foods, green tea, and kiwi. PQQ's primary function is its ability to promote mitochondrial biogenesis, which is the creation of new mitochondria within your cells. By increasing the number of these cellular powerhouses, PQQ can enhance overall energy metabolism and cellular function over time.

Beyond biogenesis, PQQ is an exceptionally potent antioxidant, with an antioxidant capacity far exceeding that of vitamin C. This intense antioxidant activity helps protect existing mitochondria from damage, creating a more robust and resilient cellular environment. PQQ also plays a significant role in neuroprotection, showing promise in supporting cognitive function and nerve growth factor production.

How CoQ10 and PQQ Work Together

While they have distinct functions, CoQ10 and PQQ are often referred to as a "power couple" due to their synergistic relationship. PQQ's promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis effectively increases the number of energy-producing units in the cell, while CoQ10 improves the efficiency of those units. The combination provides a powerful two-pronged approach to optimizing cellular energy: more mitochondria working more efficiently. Furthermore, PQQ can assist in regenerating CoQ10, helping to extend its activity in the body.

Key Differences Between CoQ10 and PQQ 10

To clarify the distinctions, the table below highlights the primary differences between these two vital compounds.


Feature	PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline Quinone)	CoQ10 (Coenzyme Q10)
Primary Function	Promotes mitochondrial biogenesis (creation of new mitochondria)	Facilitates ATP production within existing mitochondria
Body Production	Not produced by the human body; must be consumed	Endogenously produced, but declines with age
Antioxidant Potency	Exceptionally potent; thousands of times more than Vitamin C	Strong antioxidant, protecting cells from damage
Source	Found in foods like green tea, kiwis, fermented soybeans	Found in organ meats, fatty fish, nuts, and seeds
Key Benefits	Supports nerve growth, cognitive function, and mitochondrial health	Aids heart health, muscle function, and overall energy

Choosing the Right Approach: A List of Considerations

Selecting the right supplement depends on your individual health goals. Consider the following guidance:

For maximum cellular support, consider taking both PQQ and CoQ10. Their combined effect is more potent than either supplement alone.
If you are over 40 or take statin medications, your body's natural CoQ10 levels are likely lower, making CoQ10 supplementation particularly beneficial for heart health and energy.
If you are focused on cognitive performance or brain health, PQQ's role in promoting nerve growth factor and mitochondrial biogenesis may be more aligned with your needs.
To support a foundation of mitochondrial health, focusing on PQQ can help build up your cellular energy infrastructure, promoting longevity and vitality.
Remember to consult a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement, especially if you have existing health conditions or take other medications.
Ensure proper absorption of CoQ10 by taking it with a meal containing fat, as it is fat-soluble. PQQ can be taken at any time.

Conclusion: Optimizing Cellular Health with a Combined Strategy

While both CoQ10 and PQQ are critical players in mitochondrial function and cellular health, their distinct mechanisms provide a complementary approach to wellness. CoQ10 acts as the direct fuel for existing mitochondria, supporting heart function and energy output, while PQQ stimulates the growth of new mitochondria and provides superior antioxidant protection. For comprehensive support, especially as we age, combining these two powerful compounds is often the most effective strategy. This synergistic relationship offers a powerful way to combat the effects of aging, boost energy levels, and protect the body's cells from oxidative stress. For those serious about optimizing their mitochondrial and overall cellular health, a dual approach of CoQ10 and PQQ is a compelling option. For more in-depth information on PQQ's specific benefits, you can explore peer-reviewed literature(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665927124002156).

Disclaimer: This information is for general knowledge and should not be taken as medical advice. Consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen.

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, taking CoQ10 and PQQ together is not only safe but is often recommended for synergistic benefits. PQQ helps create new mitochondria, while CoQ10 boosts the efficiency of existing ones, amplifying cellular energy and protection.

CoQ10 is more directly involved in the immediate process of energy (ATP) production. PQQ's benefits for energy are longer-term, as it works by increasing the number of mitochondria, the cellular energy generators.

Both supplements are generally considered safe for most adults. CoQ10 can cause mild side effects like upset stomach or nausea, especially at higher intake levels. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement.

While CoQ10 can be found in organ meats and fatty fish, the amounts are usually not enough to significantly raise levels, especially as the body's natural production declines with age. For therapeutic effects, supplementation may be a consideration.

Mitochondrial biogenesis is the process of creating new mitochondria, which are the energy-producing centers of your cells. PQQ supports this process. A greater number of healthy mitochondria leads to more efficient energy production, improved cellular function, and support for healthy aging.

PQQ has been established as a safe nutritional supplement in various studies, with no significant toxicity reported within established intake levels. However, ongoing research is needed to fully understand long-term outcomes.

Yes, CoQ10 is a fat-soluble compound, so taking it with a meal containing fat can significantly improve its absorption by the body.