Understanding the IDDSI Framework
In the context of a nutrition diet, the term 'type 7 food' is a classification that often causes confusion. Contrary to common belief, it does not refer to a new food group like proteins or carbohydrates but rather to a specific food texture within the International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI) framework. The IDDSI was developed to create a universal terminology for describing food textures and liquid thickness, primarily for individuals with dysphagia, or swallowing disorders. This initiative standardizes diets for patient safety across various healthcare settings and countries, using a scale from Level 0 (thin liquids) to Level 7 (regular foods). The framework ensures that caregivers and healthcare professionals can communicate precisely about a patient's dietary needs, reducing the risk of choking and aspiration.
The Characteristics of IDDSI Level 7 (Regular) Foods
IDDSI Level 7 is the designation for foods that do not require texture modification. It is essentially the standard, everyday diet for individuals with normal chewing and swallowing ability. For these individuals, there are no restrictions on particle size or texture, meaning they can safely consume a wide variety of foods, including those that are hard, crunchy, or fibrous. This level also permits foods of mixed consistency, such as cereal with milk or soups with noodles, where liquids and solids are present simultaneously.
However, it is crucial to understand that even at this 'regular' level, nutritional guidance is key. A healthy diet for individuals on a Level 7 diet should still adhere to general nutritional principles, such as consuming a balance of fruits, vegetables, grains, proteins, and dairy, as recommended by public health organizations.
The 'Easy to Chew' Sub-Category
Within the IDDSI Level 7, there is a specialized sub-category: IDDSI Regular Easy to Chew (EC7). This diet is designed for individuals who have mild chewing difficulties but do not have an increased risk of choking. These people may struggle with harder textures due to age, fatigue, or dental issues but can manage soft, tender foods without difficulty.
The EC7 diet modifies food to be soft and tender without restricting particle size, allowing individuals to bite and chew without tiring easily. Examples of foods suitable for this diet include:
- Soft meats and fish: Cooked until tender and easily broken apart with a fork.
- Tender vegetables: Steamed or boiled until soft, as opposed to stir-fried.
- Soft fruits: Ripe bananas or melons that can be easily mashed.
- Cereals: Softened in milk.
Foods to avoid on an EC7 diet include hard, tough, chewy, sticky, or fibrous items. This prevents pain or discomfort during eating for those with reduced chewing strength.
Comparing Food Texture Classifications
For clarity, it is helpful to distinguish between clinical texture standards like IDDSI Level 7 and general nutritional food groups.
| Feature | IDDSI Level 7 (Regular) | IDDSI Level 7 (Easy to Chew) | Standard Healthy Diet |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Goal | Accommodates normal chewing/swallowing. | Eases chewing for individuals with mild difficulties. | Balanced nutrient intake for optimal health. |
| Target Population | Individuals with no swallowing or chewing problems. | Individuals with mild chewing fatigue or dental issues. | The general population. |
| Texture Requirements | No restrictions on hardness, crispiness, or chewiness. | Foods must be soft and tender, easily broken with a fork. | Variety of textures, based on food group. |
| Particle Size | No restrictions. | No restrictions, but texture is soft. | Varies by food type (whole grains, raw vegetables, etc.). |
| Food Examples | Steak, crusty bread, popcorn, raw vegetables. | Tender cooked fish, boiled carrots, soft fruits, moistened cereal. | A balanced mix of all food types in their usual state. |
| Purpose of Classification | Patient safety for those with dysphagia. | Symptom management and comfort for chewing issues. | Dietary guidance for wellness and disease prevention. |
The Importance of a Balanced Diet
Regardless of whether one is on a Level 7 or a standard diet, the principles of balanced nutrition remain paramount. The World Health Organization (WHO) and other health authorities emphasize a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins, with limited intake of saturated fats, sugar, and salt. For individuals on an IDDSI diet, including Level 7 Easy to Chew, it is vital to ensure that the texture modifications do not compromise nutritional value. A dietitian can help tailor a meal plan that is both safe and nutritionally complete.
Conclusion
In summary, the question 'what is type 7 food?' is best answered by understanding its origins in the IDDSI clinical framework. Type 7 food, or the Regular diet, is for those without swallowing problems, while its Easy to Chew variant caters to minor chewing issues. This classification is fundamentally different from the standard food groups used for general nutritional guidance. By clarifying this distinction, individuals can better navigate their dietary needs, ensuring safety through appropriate food textures while maintaining a healthy and balanced diet. The IDDSI framework is a crucial tool in patient care, but it is not a substitute for sound nutritional principles that apply to everyone. For more information, the official IDDSI website offers a wealth of resources on food texture and liquid thickness standards.
