What is watercress called in the USA?
For anyone looking for this peppery aquatic vegetable, the answer is simple: watercress is called watercress in the USA. This name is universally recognized across the country, from specialty grocers to everyday supermarkets. Its botanical name is Nasturtium officinale, which is a helpful identifier to ensure you are getting the correct plant, though the common name is standard.
While the name itself is consistent, confusion often arises due to similar-sounding plants or regional variances in what people refer to as a 'cress'. It is a member of the mustard family (Brassicaceae), and its pungent flavor is a signature trait that distinguishes it from other leafy greens.
Unraveling the Confusion: Watercress vs. Other Greens
Part of the reason for the common query surrounding the name is that there are several other plants with 'cress' in their name. Understanding these distinctions is key to getting the right ingredient for your culinary needs.
Watercress vs. Garden Cress
Garden cress (Lepidium sativum) is a fast-growing, edible herb with a peppery, tangy flavor that is often used in sandwiches and salads. It is grown on land, not in water, which is its primary difference from watercress. While both have a similar spicy taste, they are different species and look distinct. Watercress leaves are typically broader and have a more intense, mustard-like flavor.
Watercress vs. Upland Cress
Upland cress (Barbarea verna), also known as American cress or early yellow rocket, is another relative in the mustard family. This green is similar to watercress in flavor but grows in dry soil, not water. Upland cress has a more peppery bite than watercress and holds up better when dressed, as it is less delicate. This makes it a great substitute if you want a similar flavor profile without the fragility of watercress.
Watercress vs. Nasturtium Flowers
Perhaps the most confusing point is the relationship with the ornamental flower, nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus). Though unrelated botanically, the two share a similar name and peppery flavor. The name for the watercress genus, Nasturtium, comes from the Latin for 'twisted nose', referencing its pungent taste, and the flower was named later for its likeness in flavor. The leaves and flowers of the nasturtium flower are also edible and can be used in a similar way to watercress, but they are not the same plant.
Watercress in the USA: From Wild Weed to Culinary Staple
Originally native to Europe and Asia, watercress was introduced to North America by European immigrants. It quickly naturalized and can now be found growing wild in slow-moving streams, lakes, and flooded areas across the country. In some states, its aggressive growth has led it to be considered a noxious or invasive weed, though its culinary benefits are widely appreciated.
Cultivation and Commercial Availability
Today, watercress is commercially cultivated in the US, often using hydroponic methods in controlled environments to ensure a clean, steady supply. It is available year-round in most grocery stores and farmers' markets, especially in bunches in the fresh produce section. Its peak flavor is typically during the cooler months, as the heat of summer can make it bitter.
Tips for Buying and Storing Watercress
To ensure the best taste and freshness, consider these tips when buying watercress:
- Look for vibrant green leaves with no signs of yellowing or wilting.
- Choose bunches with firm stems. A sturdy stem indicates freshness and a better texture.
- Store it properly. Place the stems in a glass of water, like a bouquet of flowers, and cover the leaves with a plastic bag. Refrigerate for up to a week.
Comparison: Watercress vs. Arugula
Watercress and arugula are both members of the mustard family, offering a peppery bite to dishes. Here's a quick comparison:
| Feature | Watercress | Arugula |
|---|---|---|
| Flavor | Strong, peppery, mustard-like | Pungent, peppery, and slightly bitter |
| Texture | Delicate, crisp stems and leaves | Tender leaves, slight crunch |
| Growing Conditions | Aquatic or semi-aquatic | Dry, well-draining soil |
| Nutrients | Higher Vitamin K and C, good Vitamin A | Higher Folate, Iron, Calcium, and Magnesium |
| Culinary Use | Soups, sandwiches, salads, garnishes | Salads, pizza, pasta, garnish |
The Health Benefits of Watercress
This small green packs a significant nutritional punch and is often hailed as a superfood. It offers a multitude of health benefits, including:
- Rich in Vitamins: Excellent source of Vitamin K, essential for bone health, and a great source of Vitamin C, a powerful antioxidant.
- High in Antioxidants: Contains high levels of antioxidants that help protect the body from free radicals and reduce cellular damage.
- Potential Cancer-Fighting Properties: Some studies have suggested that compounds in watercress may help inhibit the spread of certain cancer cells.
- Supports Eye Health: Provides Vitamin A, which is crucial for maintaining normal vision.
- Cardiovascular Health: Its high nitrate content can help promote healthy blood flow and lower blood pressure.
Conclusion
So, if you're in the USA and looking for watercress, you'll be pleased to know that its name is no mystery. You can find this versatile, nutritious, and peppery green simply by asking for watercress. While other cresses and look-alikes exist, understanding the distinction will help you appreciate its unique flavor and health benefits. Its journey from a wild European plant to a US culinary staple is a testament to its enduring appeal. To learn more about its naturalized status, consult the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
