Understanding Rennet and Vegetarian Cheese
To determine which cheeses are suitable for a vegetarian diet, it is essential to understand the cheesemaking ingredient known as rennet. Traditionally, rennet is a complex set of enzymes produced in the stomachs of young ruminant mammals, like calves, and is used to coagulate milk. This means that cheeses made with traditional animal rennet are not vegetarian.
However, alternatives to animal rennet have become widespread, particularly in North America. These vegetarian-friendly substitutes include microbial rennet, which is derived from specific molds or fungi, or plant-based rennet, which uses enzymes from plants like thistle. The use of these non-animal enzymes allows for the production of cheese that is entirely vegetarian.
The Role of Enzymes in Cheesemaking
Rennet's function is to split milk proteins into solid curds and liquid whey. The source of this enzyme is what dictates whether a cheese is vegetarian or not. When cheese labels list "enzymes" without specifying the source, it can be unclear for consumers. However, many companies, including Subway, provide information on their ingredients to help customers make informed choices.
Which Cheeses are Vegetarian at Subway?
According to information on the Subway website, most of the cheeses are confirmed as vegetarian-friendly due to the type of rennet used. The following cheeses are safe for vegetarians:
- Provolone Cheese: Made with plant or microbial rennin.
- Pepperjack Cheese: Uses plant or microbial rennin.
- Shredded Monterey Cheddar Cheese: Coagulated with plant or microbial rennin.
- Mozzarella Cheese: Contains plant or microbial rennin.
- Swiss Cheese: Made with plant or microbial rennin.
- Feta Cheese: Uses plant or microbial rennin.
- Parmesan Cheese: While traditional Parmesan is not vegetarian, Subway's version uses plant or microbial rennin.
The Caveat: Is Subway's American Cheese Vegetarian?
One cheese option at Subway requires a bit more caution for strict vegetarians: the American cheese. The Subway FAQ referenced in a Reddit thread notes that while the bulk of the rennin in American cheese is microbial, there could be a chance of calf rennin in the cheese due to production variables. This means that for some batches, the American cheese may not be vegetarian. If you are a strict vegetarian, it is best to avoid the American cheese option or ask a team member for the most up-to-date ingredient information, though the safest choice is to select one of the other confirmed vegetarian cheeses.
Comparison of Subway Cheeses for Vegetarians
| Cheese Type | Vegetarian Status | Rennet Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Provolone | Confirmed Vegetarian | Microbial/Plant | Safe for vegetarians. |
| Pepperjack | Confirmed Vegetarian | Microbial/Plant | Safe for vegetarians. |
| Shredded Monterey Cheddar | Confirmed Vegetarian | Microbial/Plant | Safe for vegetarians. |
| Mozzarella | Confirmed Vegetarian | Microbial/Plant | Safe for vegetarians. |
| Swiss | Confirmed Vegetarian | Microbial/Plant | Safe for vegetarians. |
| Feta | Confirmed Vegetarian | Microbial/Plant | Safe for vegetarians. |
| Parmesan | Confirmed Vegetarian | Microbial/Plant | Subway's version is vegetarian, unlike traditional Parmigiano Reggiano. |
| American | Potentially Not Vegetarian | Microbial (variable) | May contain traces of calf rennin. Best to avoid if strict vegetarian. |
Finding Vegetarian Cheese at the Grocery Store
If you want to be certain about the cheeses you buy at the grocery store, there are a few things to look for on the label. Look for cheese that explicitly states it is made with "microbial enzymes," "vegetarian enzymes," or "plant-based rennet". The Kosher label is another helpful indicator, as kosher cheese cannot be made with animal-based rennet. For more detailed information on vegetarian cheese options, you can consult resources like this article from Bon Appétit which discusses the use of rennet in Parmesan.
Conclusion
In summary, ordering a vegetarian cheese at Subway is straightforward, with a wide variety of confirmed options available. Most Subway cheeses, including Provolone, Mozzarella, and Swiss, are made with non-animal-derived rennet and are safe for vegetarians. However, due to potential production variables, the American cheese should be approached with caution by strict vegetarians. Always refer to Subway's official allergen information for the most accurate and up-to-date ingredient details. Armed with this knowledge, you can confidently build your perfect vegetarian sandwich.
Confirming Your Choice
When in doubt, especially concerning the American cheese, the best course of action is to ask the Subway sandwich artist. They can sometimes provide information, or at least help you stick to the safe, confirmed vegetarian options. You can also consult the official Subway website for the latest ingredient information, as recipes and sources can occasionally change. The good news is that with most of their menu, vegetarians are spoilt for choice when it comes to a cheesy addition.
Final Recommendations
For absolute certainty, opt for the Provolone, Mozzarella, or any of the shredded cheeses. They are consistently made with microbial or plant-based rennet and are a delicious, worry-free choice for any vegetarian Subway patron. Enjoying a meatless meal at Subway has never been easier or more flavorful.
