Understanding the UK's meat-free population
The meat-free and plant-based movements have grown considerably in the UK over recent years, driven by a blend of ethical, environmental, and health concerns. While statistics can vary slightly depending on the survey methodology, a consistent picture of a growing and diversifying meat-free population has emerged. The umbrella term 'meat-free' can encompass various dietary choices, from strict veganism to more flexible approaches like pescatarianism and flexitarianism, making precise numbers a point of interest for researchers and businesses alike.
Current statistics for meat-free diets
Recent research provides a detailed breakdown of the UK's meat-free population by specific diet types:
- Vegan: A Finder survey published in January 2024 estimated that there are 2.5 million vegans in the UK, accounting for 4.7% of the adult population. A separate January 2025 survey by The Vegan Society found that 3% of people in Great Britain identify as vegan or plant-based.
- Vegetarian: A January 2024 Finder survey estimated 3.1 million vegetarians in the UK, making up 5.8% of the population. However, the vegetarian population can see slight fluctuations, potentially as individuals transition to veganism.
- Pescatarian: The same Finder research identified 3.0 million pescatarians, representing individuals who eat fish but no other meat.
The rise of the 'flexitarian' and meat reducers
Beyond those who strictly avoid meat, a much larger proportion of the UK population is actively reducing their meat consumption. These individuals, often called 'flexitarians,' represent a significant and growing demographic.
- Intentions for reduction: Research indicates that millions more people are considering a move towards a meat-free diet. In early 2024, approximately 6.4 million Brits planned to adopt some form of meat-free diet.
- Long-term trend: A report from the AHDB in May 2025 shows that while the number of self-identified 'flexitarians' dipped during the pandemic, it is now recovering to pre-2020 levels, indicating a lasting trend towards reduced meat consumption.
Demographic differences in dietary choices
Dietary habits in the UK are strongly influenced by age, with younger generations leading the charge towards meat-free diets. Research from early 2024 revealed that Gen Z and Millennials have the highest meat-free populations.
- Generation Z: Around 26% of Gen Z currently follow a meat-free diet, with another 26% intending to make the switch in 2024, potentially making half of this generation meat-free by 2025.
- Millennials: Following closely behind Gen Z, 22% of millennials eat a meat-free diet.
- Older generations: The trend decreases progressively with older generations, with fewer individuals identifying as vegan, vegetarian, or pescatarian.
Comparison table of meat-free populations
| Diet Type | UK Population Estimate (Jan 2024) | Percentage of Adult Population (Jan 2024) | Primary Diet Restrictions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vegan | 2.5 million | 4.7% | No meat, fish, dairy, or other animal products |
| Vegetarian | 3.1 million | 5.8% | No meat or fish, but may include dairy and eggs |
| Pescatarian | 3.0 million | 5.6% | Includes fish, but no other meat |
| Flexitarian | ~6.4 million (planning to adopt) | ~14.6% (intending to adopt in 2025) | Reduces meat intake without eliminating it entirely |
Regional and motivational factors
The adoption of meat-free diets also varies by location and individual motivation. London shows a higher concentration of meat-free residents, with 21% of residents following a meatless diet in early 2024. In contrast, the South West had the lowest numbers of vegans, vegetarians, and pescatarians. Motivations for adopting a meat-free diet are diverse, often combining ethical, health, and environmental concerns.
Conclusion
The number of people in the UK following a meat-free diet continues to grow, fueled by a younger generation of consumers. While precise figures vary between surveys, a significant portion of the adult population identifies as vegan, vegetarian, or pescatarian. The larger trend of flexitarianism, or consciously reducing meat consumption, further underscores a broader societal shift towards more plant-based eating. This movement is shaping the food industry, influencing everything from supermarket offerings to restaurant menus as demand for meat-free options increases nationwide.
For more information on dietary choices and their impacts, consult this resource on the worldwide growth of veganism.
