Understanding Calendula vs. Ornamental Marigolds
One of the most important distinctions to make is between Calendula officinalis, also known as pot marigold, and ornamental marigolds of the Tagetes genus. While the colorful petals of Calendula officinalis are a popular edible addition to salads and teas, many ornamental marigolds are not suitable for consumption. Always ensure you are using the correct species, typically sourced from a reputable nursery or herbalist, before ingesting. Calendula petals are often harvested when the flowers are fully expanded and are used fresh or dried.
Potential Health Benefits of Consuming Calendula
Calendula contains a variety of beneficial compounds, such as flavonoids, triterpenes, and carotenoids, which contribute to its potential health-promoting properties. While research, particularly in humans, is still emerging, some studies suggest internal consumption may offer benefits:
- Antioxidant Properties: Calendula extracts are packed with antioxidants that may help neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress in the body.
- Anti-inflammatory Effects: The anti-inflammatory compounds found in calendula, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), may help manage inflammation.
- Digestive Support: As an internal remedy, calendula has been used to soothe stomach and intestinal inflammation associated with conditions like gastritis and ulcers.
- Oral Health: Gargling with a calendula-based mouthwash or tea may help reduce inflammation from conditions like gingivitis, according to some studies.
Important Safety Considerations and Precautions
Despite its general safety, several groups should exercise caution or avoid consuming calendula. It is crucial to consult a healthcare provider before using calendula, especially in supplement form, to discuss any potential risks or interactions.
Who Should Avoid Calendula?
- Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women: Oral consumption of calendula is considered likely unsafe for pregnant women as it may cause uterine contractions and potentially lead to a miscarriage. Due to a lack of safety information, it is also best to avoid use while breastfeeding.
- Individuals with Allergies: Those with known allergies to plants in the Asteraceae (or Compositae) family, such as ragweed, daisies, or chrysanthemums, may have an allergic reaction to calendula.
- Those Undergoing Surgery: Calendula can have a sedative effect and might interact with medications used during and after surgery. It is recommended to stop taking calendula at least two weeks before a scheduled procedure.
- Individuals on Certain Medications: Calendula may interact with sedative medications (CNS depressants) and may enhance their effects, leading to excessive sleepiness. It can also potentially interact with anticoagulant and blood pressure medications.
Comparison Table: Culinary vs. Herbal Calendula Use
| Feature | Culinary Use (e.g., in salads) | Herbal Tea or Supplement |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Use | Garnishing, adding color, mild seasoning. | Therapeutic purposes like anti-inflammatory support or digestive relief. |
| Form | Fresh or dried petals. | Dried petals, capsules, or extracts. |
| Potency | Generally low potency; considered food-grade. | Higher concentration of active compounds, stronger medicinal effects. |
| Risks | Minimal risk for most people, primarily related to allergies. | Higher risk of side effects and drug interactions, especially with concentrated forms. |
| Precautions | Avoid if allergic to related plants. Check source. | Requires consultation with a healthcare provider, especially for those in high-risk groups. |
How to Safely Prepare and Use Calendula
For those who are not in a high-risk group, calendula can be incorporated into your diet safely and deliciously. The petals should be separated from the green base of the flower, as the petals are the primary edible part.
- Culinary Uses:
- Salads: Add fresh or dried petals to salads for a burst of color and a mild, slightly peppery flavor.
- Soups and Broths: Dried whole flower heads can be added to soups or stews as a flavor and immune tonic.
- Colorant: The petals have been used historically to color cheeses and butter, similar to saffron.
- Herbal Tea:
- Steeping: To make a simple tea, steep 1–2 teaspoons of dried calendula petals in one cup of hot water for 10–20 minutes.
- Strain and Flavor: Strain the petals before drinking. You can add honey, lemon, or other herbs to mellow its slightly bitter taste.
Conclusion: Responsible Consumption is Key
In conclusion, is calendula safe to consume? For the majority of healthy adults, yes, especially when ingested as a culinary ingredient or in mild tea preparations. However, this is not a universal truth. The safety of calendula depends heavily on the individual's health status, allergies, and other medications. High-risk groups, including pregnant women, those with allergies to related plants, and individuals on sedative or anticoagulant medications, should avoid internal consumption. The medicinal strength of concentrated products, such as supplements, demands even greater caution and professional consultation. By understanding the proper form and adhering to safety precautions, individuals can responsibly enjoy the benefits of calendula.
