What is Cascara?
Cascara, which means 'husk' in Spanish, is the dried fruit pulp and skin of the coffee cherry. In traditional coffee processing, this part of the fruit is often discarded as waste. However, a growing trend in specialty coffee has transformed this byproduct into a valuable product, brewed into a flavorful, tea-like infusion. Unlike cascara sagrada, a well-known stimulant laxative made from tree bark, coffee cascara is a completely different plant and substance, a distinction often confused by consumers.
The Antioxidant and Nutritional Profile of Cascara
Numerous studies confirm that cascara is packed with antioxidants, primarily polyphenols. Some proponents even claim it has a higher antioxidant content than well-established superfoods like blueberries and pomegranates. However, the exact nutritional composition can vary greatly depending on factors like the coffee variety, growing conditions, and processing methods.
Potential Health Benefits
- Antioxidant Power: Its high polyphenol content helps combat free radicals, which contribute to cell damage and chronic diseases.
- Cognitive Health: Some studies suggest that cascara may help increase Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), a protein linked to cognitive function.
- Anti-inflammatory Effects: The polyphenols in cascara also provide anti-inflammatory properties, which can help support overall wellness.
- Sustainability: From an environmental perspective, utilizing cascara turns a food waste product into a valuable resource, providing an additional income stream for coffee farmers.
The Problem with the 'Superfood' Label
While cascara boasts several health-promoting compounds, calling it a 'superfood' is primarily a marketing tactic rather than a scientific classification. As UC Davis notes, there is no official, scientific definition for the term 'superfood'.
Comparison: Cascara vs. Other 'Superfoods'
| Feature | Cascara (Coffee Cherry Husk) | Blueberries | Kale | Matcha Green Tea | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Nutrients | Antioxidants (polyphenols), low caffeine | Vitamin C, Vitamin K, Fiber, Manganese, Antioxidants | Vitamin K, Vitamin C, Vitamin A, Manganese, Fiber | L-Theanine, Antioxidants (EGCG), Low-moderate caffeine | 
| Antioxidant Level | High, some claim higher than blueberries | Very High, well-researched antioxidant source | High, contains beta-carotene and flavonoids | Very High, concentrated form of green tea antioxidants | 
| Nutritional Density | Variable based on processing; focus is on antioxidants | Consistent nutrient profile; high in vitamins | Very high nutrient density; rich in minerals | Balanced profile with amino acids; provides calm energy | 
| Caffeine Content | Low to moderate (~1/4 of coffee) | None | None | Moderate (higher than cascara) | 
| Common Risks | Contamination risks if improperly dried; requires proper processing | Generally safe; no common risks with normal consumption. | Generally safe; possible anticoagulant interaction with high vitamin K | Moderate caffeine, potential heavy metal risk from sourcing | 
Safety, Regulations, and Misconceptions
It's important to be aware of the difference between coffee cascara and cascara sagrada, the medicinal laxative. The FDA withdrew its approval of cascara sagrada as an over-the-counter laxative in 2002 due to insufficient evidence of safety. It is now sold as a dietary supplement, often with warnings about short-term use due to risks of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Coffee cascara does not share these laxative effects, though proper and safe processing is crucial.
In some regions, like the EU, cascara faced regulatory hurdles as a 'novel food,' requiring extensive safety testing before its re-approval for beverages. This history highlights the need for careful regulation of new food trends and underscores that potential health benefits alone do not equate to a certified 'superfood' status.
Preparing Cascara
Cascara is most commonly prepared as a hot or cold tea-like infusion. A typical recipe involves steeping a 1:25 or 1:40 ratio of dried cascara to water just off the boil for a few minutes. The resulting brew has a sweet, fruity flavor with notes of berries and hibiscus. It can also be used to create syrups for cocktails or sparkling water, or even in baked goods. As mentioned, its processing requires care to prevent mold growth, especially in the drying phase.
Conclusion: More than a Superfood
While the term 'superfood' is largely a marketing tool, cascara is more than just hype. Its high antioxidant content and sustainable origins make it a legitimate contender for a place in a healthy, varied diet. However, it's not a magic bullet and should be enjoyed in moderation as part of a balanced nutritional plan. The true 'super' aspect of cascara might lie in its eco-friendly nature and its ability to add a new, delicious dimension to the coffee industry. Its journey from waste product to trendy beverage is a testament to mindful consumption and innovative thinking in the food supply chain. For those seeking a nutritious, low-caffeine, and environmentally friendly drink, cascara is an excellent option worth exploring.
To learn more about sustainable coffee production, you can visit the Specialty Coffee Association's website.