Understanding the Lead Concern in Costco's Cinnamon
In a September 2024 investigation, Consumer Reports tested 36 cinnamon powder products for heavy metal contamination, including lead. This followed a widely publicized 2023 recall of lead-contaminated applesauce pouches that contained cinnamon. The tests revealed that many products, including Costco's Kirkland Signature Organic Saigon Cinnamon, contained elevated levels of lead.
Specifically, the Kirkland brand cinnamon tested at 0.80 ppm of lead, placing it in the organization's 'Okay to Use' category, but with a significant caveat. For products with lead levels of 0.80 ppm, Consumer Reports recommended a daily consumption limit of no more than 1/4 teaspoon for adults. While this level is below the 1 ppm threshold that would trigger a recall in New York state, it is still a potential health risk, especially with long-term, high-volume consumption.
Lead can enter spices through various means, such as from contaminated soil where the cinnamon tree grows, during production processes, or even from unscrupulous adulteration practices. Given that no amount of lead is considered safe for humans, particularly children, understanding and adhering to recommended usage limits is crucial.
The Coumarin Distinction: Cassia vs. Ceylon
Beyond lead, another critical factor in determining the safety of cinnamon is its type. Most cinnamon found in U.S. supermarkets is Cassia cinnamon, while true Ceylon cinnamon is less common and significantly more expensive. The Kirkland Signature product sold at Costco is specifically labeled as 'Organic Saigon Cinnamon,' which is a variety of Cassia cinnamon.
The key difference lies in the coumarin content. Coumarin is a natural chemical compound found in Cassia cinnamon that can cause liver damage if consumed in large quantities over a prolonged period. European health authorities have established a tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 0.1 mg of coumarin per kg of body weight, and exceeding this limit is easily possible with regular, large doses of Cassia cinnamon. For comparison, Cassia cinnamon can contain up to 250 times more coumarin than Ceylon cinnamon, which has only trace amounts.
Comparing Cinnamon Types: Cassia vs. Ceylon
Knowing the difference between these two types of cinnamon is essential for making an informed health and culinary choice. Here is a comparison of their key features:
| Feature | Cassia (including Saigon) | Ceylon (True Cinnamon) |
|---|---|---|
| Origin | China, Indonesia, Vietnam | Sri Lanka, Southern India |
| Appearance | Thick, dark, single-layer bark; hard | Thin, papery, multiple-layer quills; delicate |
| Flavor Profile | Strong, spicy, pungent | Mild, sweet, complex, subtle notes |
| Coumarin Content | High; poses liver risk with excessive intake | Very Low; safe for regular consumption |
| Price | Affordable; widely available | More expensive; found in specialty stores |
| Recommended Use | Bolder baked goods, savory dishes | Desserts, teas, delicate pastries |
Practical Recommendations for Using Costco's Cinnamon
Based on the coumarin and lead concerns, here are practical guidelines for safely using Kirkland Signature Organic Saigon Cinnamon:
- Adhere to Daily Limits: Limit consumption to no more than 1/4 teaspoon daily to mitigate risks from lead, as advised by Consumer Reports.
- Avoid High-Volume Use: Do not use this product in large quantities for extended periods, especially if you are using it for potential health benefits that require daily, concentrated doses. The high coumarin content is a particular concern for liver health.
- Consider Ceylon for Frequent Use: If you add cinnamon to your coffee, oatmeal, or smoothies every day, or if you take cinnamon supplements, switch to a Ceylon variety to avoid coumarin risks.
- Check the Label: Always confirm the type of cinnamon. If a product simply says 'cinnamon,' it is almost certainly Cassia. Look for 'Ceylon' or Cinnamomum verum to ensure low coumarin.
- Store Properly: Regardless of the type, store cinnamon in an airtight container away from light and heat to maintain freshness and potency.
Conclusion
Is cinnamon from Costco safe to use? The answer is nuanced. While the Kirkland Signature Organic Saigon Cinnamon is generally safe for occasional culinary use, recent findings by Consumer Reports highlight concerns about moderate lead levels. Combined with its high coumarin content as a Cassia variety, this means the product is not suitable for daily, high-volume consumption. Consumers who use cinnamon frequently for health reasons or incorporate it into their diet daily should opt for a low-coumarin Ceylon cinnamon. For those who use it infrequently in recipes, staying within the recommended 1/4 teaspoon limit is a sensible precaution. Ultimately, mindful usage and a clear understanding of the product's type are the keys to ensuring your spice cabinet is both flavorful and safe.
For more detailed information on the heavy metal test results, consult the original investigation: Consumer Reports.
