The Core Science: Nitrates, Nitrites, and Nitric Oxide
At the heart of any discussion about SuperBeets is the natural science of beetroot itself, which centers on the conversion of dietary nitrates into nitric oxide (NO). This process is the foundation for the supplement's purported health benefits.
The Nitrate-Nitrite-Nitric Oxide Pathway
- Ingestion: When you consume foods rich in inorganic nitrates, like beetroot, they are absorbed into the bloodstream.
- Conversion in Saliva: A portion of this circulating nitrate enters the entero-salivary circulation. Here, commensal bacteria on the tongue reduce the nitrate to nitrite.
- Absorption in Stomach: The nitrite is swallowed and absorbed into the bloodstream via the stomach, where it is further metabolized into nitric oxide.
- Vasodilation: Nitric oxide is a potent vasodilator, meaning it helps relax and widen blood vessels. This effect is crucial for promoting healthy blood flow and circulation.
Scientific Evidence for SuperBeets' Benefits
SuperBeets, like other beetroot supplements, capitalizes on this natural process. The company, HumanN, uses a patented fermentation process to concentrate nitrates and nitrites. While general beetroot research supports several health claims, specific, independent studies on SuperBeets are more limited.
Cardiovascular Support and Blood Pressure
Numerous studies on concentrated beetroot juice show that it can significantly lower blood pressure, especially systolic pressure. This effect is attributed to the increased nitric oxide production leading to vasodilation. However, one manufacturer-funded study on SuperBeets observed a blood pressure reduction over four weeks in older adults, while another study noted that SuperBeets did not sustain an initial elevation in plasma nitrite, possibly due to a lower total nitrate dose. Products like SuperBeets Heart Chews also incorporate grape seed extract, which is clinically studied for blood pressure support.
Athletic Performance and Endurance
Several studies on beetroot juice have demonstrated improvements in athletic performance and endurance, particularly in endurance sports. This is believed to be due to improved oxygen utilization and better blood flow to the muscles. The timing is key, as peak nitrate levels occur a few hours after consumption. While general beetroot evidence is strong here, specific data for SuperBeets is less extensive.
Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties
Beetroot contains powerful antioxidant pigments called betalains, which help protect cells from damage and combat oxidative stress. Betalains also possess anti-inflammatory properties, potentially reducing joint discomfort and protecting against chronic inflammatory conditions. As a concentrated beet powder, SuperBeets likely contains these same active compounds, although the precise concentration is not always disclosed.
A Comparison: SuperBeets vs. Whole Beets vs. Beetroot Juice
| Feature | SuperBeets Powder | Whole Beets | Concentrated Beetroot Juice |
|---|---|---|---|
| Convenience | High (Mixes easily with water) | Low (Requires preparation) | Medium (Bottled, but bulky) |
| Consistency | High (Standardized nutrient profile) | Variable (Depends on farming/harvest) | Medium (Can vary by brand/batch) |
| Nitrate Concentration | High (Patented process) | Variable | High (Concentrated formula) |
| Fiber Content | Low (Minimal fiber) | High (Excellent source of fiber) | Low (Filtered out) |
| Cost | Higher per serving | Lower per serving | Varies, can be high |
| Form | Powder | Solid Food | Liquid |
Understanding the Limitations and Considerations
While the science behind the core ingredients in SuperBeets is sound, the supplement itself has certain aspects to consider. For example, some of the research supporting its specific formulation has been funded by the manufacturer, which can introduce potential bias. Additionally, the lack of information regarding the precise nitrate or betalain content on the label makes it difficult to compare its potency directly to other products or scientific studies. For those seeking third-party verified quality, alternative supplements with third-party testing may be preferred.
It is also important to note that the positive effects on blood pressure from nitrates are generally temporary, requiring consistent daily intake for potential long-term benefits. For individuals on blood pressure medication, consulting a doctor before use is crucial to avoid excessive blood pressure drops.
Conclusion
The science behind beetroot, particularly its role in nitric oxide production, is well-established, supporting benefits for circulation, blood pressure, and athletic performance. As a concentrated beetroot powder, SuperBeets leverages this natural chemistry. However, scientific evidence directly and independently validating SuperBeets' specific formula is less extensive compared to the broader body of beetroot research. The supplement offers a convenient and concentrated source of nitrates and other beneficial compounds, but consumers should be mindful of the cost, lack of detailed ingredient disclosure, and potential limitations of manufacturer-funded research. For overall health, a diet rich in whole fruits and vegetables remains the gold standard, though a supplement like SuperBeets could offer a convenient boost. For those interested in exploring the foundational science further, a comprehensive review of beetroot's biological activity is available from the National Institutes of Health The Potential Benefits of Red Beetroot Supplementation in Health and Disease: A Review of the Current Evidence.
Potential Side Effects of SuperBeets
- Reddish Urine or Stool (Beeturia): A common, harmless side effect where the red betalain pigments pass through the body.
- Kidney Stone Risk: High oxalate content in beets can be a concern for individuals with a history of kidney stones.
- Digestive Discomfort: Some users may experience mild stomach upset or changes in bowel movements.
- Blood Pressure Fluctuations: Individuals on blood pressure medication should monitor for excessive blood pressure drops and consult a doctor.
- Interactions: Potential for interaction with certain medications, including those for blood pressure.
The Verdict: Is the Science Legitimate?
Yes, the underlying science related to beetroot's benefits is legitimate. As a concentrated form of beetroot, SuperBeets contains the active compounds (nitrates, betalains) that have been widely studied for cardiovascular, athletic, and antioxidant benefits. However, the efficacy of SuperBeets itself relies on leveraging this general beetroot science, with fewer independent studies specifically confirming its unique formulation's exact claims.
