What are the side effects of hierbabuena?

December 31, 2025 •

3 min read

Overconsumption of hierbabuena, a mint-family herb also known as spearmint or yerba buena, has been shown to cause digestive issues like heartburn and constipation. This common medicinal herb, prized for its soothing properties, is generally considered safe in moderate amounts, but understanding its potential negative impacts is crucial for responsible use.

Quick Summary

This article explains the potential side effects of hierbabuena, detailing risks associated with overconsumption, including gastrointestinal discomfort, allergic reactions, and interactions with certain medications. It also outlines who should avoid it, such as those with GERD or specific liver or kidney conditions, to ensure safe usage.

Key Points

Gastrointestinal Issues: Overconsumption of hierbabuena can cause or worsen digestive problems such as heartburn, acid reflux, bloating, and constipation.
Allergic Reactions: Though rare, sensitive individuals may experience allergic symptoms like rashes, hives, itching, or difficulty breathing due to mint or menthol allergies.
Precautionary Groups: People with conditions like GERD, liver or kidney disease, pregnant or breastfeeding women, and those with a history of allergies should avoid excessive hierbabuena.
Medication Interactions: Hierbabuena may interact with certain medications, such as those processed by the liver or affecting stomach acid, necessitating a doctor's consultation.
Menthol Concentration: Hierbabuena (spearmint) has a lower menthol content compared to peppermint, which can make it a less potent trigger for heartburn.
Safety Through Moderation: The key to safely enjoying hierbabuena is moderate consumption, as adverse effects are more likely with excessive intake.

Common Side Effects of Hierbabuena

Hierbabuena, or spearmint, is celebrated for its pleasant aroma and potential health benefits, particularly for digestive health. However, like many herbs, excessive or improper consumption can lead to adverse effects. The most frequently reported issues are related to the gastrointestinal system and potential allergic responses.

Digestive System Discomfort

One of the most common side effects is digestive discomfort, especially when hierbabuena is consumed in large quantities. The menthol in mint plants can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, the muscle that prevents stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus. This relaxation can lead to or worsen symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and heartburn. For those with sensitive stomachs, it may also cause increased bloating or general stomach upset. In some cases, overconsumption has been linked to constipation, an effect that can be exacerbated when combined with alcohol.

Allergic Reactions

While uncommon, some individuals may experience an allergic reaction to hierbabuena. This is more likely in people with a known allergy to other plants in the mint family. Symptoms can range from mild to severe and may include:

Skin irritations, such as rashes and itching
Respiratory issues like wheezing or difficulty breathing
An itchy tongue or throat
Hives

If you experience any of these symptoms after consumption, it is important to discontinue use and seek medical attention if severe.

Potential Drug Interactions

Hierbabuena may interact with certain medications, primarily those metabolized by the liver or affecting stomach acid levels. The constituents of spearmint can influence how the body processes these drugs, potentially altering their effectiveness. It is crucial to consult a healthcare provider if you are taking any regular medication before incorporating hierbabuena into your routine.

Who Should Exercise Caution?

Certain groups of people should be particularly cautious or avoid hierbabuena altogether due to potential health risks. While generally safe, this herb is not suitable for everyone.

Individuals with GERD or Acid Reflux: As mentioned, hierbabuena's muscle-relaxing properties can worsen heartburn and reflux symptoms.
Those with Kidney or Liver Disorders: High doses of spearmint tea may increase the risk of liver or kidney damage in individuals with pre-existing conditions.
Pregnant and Breastfeeding Individuals: Large doses of spearmint are considered possibly unsafe during pregnancy, as they could potentially harm the uterus. Its effects during breastfeeding are also not well-studied, so it's best to stick to food amounts.
People with Allergies: Anyone with a known allergy to mint or menthol should avoid hierbabuena.
Infants and Young Children: The safety of hierbabuena in infants and young children has not been established, and some sources recommend avoiding it.

Comparison of Spearmint (Hierbabuena) and Peppermint Side Effects


Feature	Spearmint (Hierbabuena)	Peppermint	Note on Side Effects
Primary Compound	Carvone	Menthol	Peppermint has a higher menthol content, which can lead to stronger side effects.
GERD Risk	Moderate	Higher	Both can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, but peppermint’s higher menthol concentration makes it a more common trigger for heartburn.
Liver/Kidney Risk	Possible with large, long-term use	Generally low risk	Excessive amounts of spearmint have been linked to potential harm in those with pre-existing conditions.
Allergy Risk	Low, but possible	Low, but possible	Allergic reactions are rare but can occur with either herb in sensitive individuals.
Caffeine Content	None	None	Both are naturally caffeine-free herbal teas.

Conclusion

Hierbabuena is a beneficial herbal remedy when consumed in moderation and with proper awareness. The side effects, while generally mild, can be significant for certain individuals, particularly those with GERD, specific liver or kidney conditions, or a predisposition to allergies. By understanding the risks associated with excessive consumption and being mindful of potential drug interactions, users can enjoy the benefits of this herb safely. Always consult a healthcare professional before beginning any new herbal regimen, especially if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or have a chronic health condition. For further information on the medicinal uses of yerba buena, you may consult resources like the Philippine Council for Health Research and Development.

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, hierbabuena can cause or worsen heartburn. The menthol in mint plants can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to flow back up and causing discomfort.

Large doses of hierbabuena are considered possibly unsafe during pregnancy, as they could potentially harm the uterus. It is best for pregnant or breastfeeding women to consult a healthcare provider before use and generally stick to food amounts.

Signs of an allergic reaction include rashes, itching, wheezing, hives, and an itchy tongue or throat. Anyone with a known allergy to mint or menthol should avoid it.

Yes, excessive or long-term use of spearmint tea has been linked to potential liver or kidney damage, especially in individuals with pre-existing conditions. It is advisable to consult a healthcare professional if you have concerns.

Yes, hierbabuena may interact with certain medications, particularly those that affect the liver or stomach acid levels. Always talk to your doctor if you are taking any regular medication.

No, hierbabuena (or yerba buena) is not the same as yerba mate. Hierbabuena is a caffeine-free mint-family herb, while yerba mate is a caffeinated South American beverage with different properties and side effects.

Drinking hierbabuena tea daily is generally considered safe for most people, but excessive amounts can lead to side effects. Monitor your body's response and be mindful of your intake, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions.