The Science Behind Saliva Stimulation
Saliva production is a vital bodily function that helps to protect our teeth, aid in digestion, and keep our mouths comfortable. A condition known as dry mouth, or xerostomia, occurs when the salivary glands don't produce enough saliva, leading to discomfort and increased risk of oral health issues. Sucking on certain candies is a simple and effective way to trigger the salivary glands to produce more saliva. The stimulation primarily comes from two mechanisms: mechanical action and gustatory (taste) response.
Mechanical and Gustatory Stimulation
When a hard candy is held in the mouth, the mechanical action of the candy moving against the oral tissues, as well as the taste stimulation from its flavors, sends signals to the brain. This, in turn, tells the salivary glands to increase production. In one study, sucking on candy was found to increase the salivary flow rate by approximately 7.8 times compared to unstimulated rates. This shows that the sustained action of a hard candy is particularly effective. Certain tastes, especially sour ones, are exceptionally potent triggers for salivation due to their acidic nature. The body naturally produces more saliva to help neutralize and wash away the acid.
The Best Candy Options for Stimulating Saliva
When choosing a candy to stimulate saliva, it is essential to consider the type, flavor, and ingredients to maximize the benefits while minimizing dental risks. Here are the most effective options:
- Sugar-Free Hard Candies and Lozenges: These are often the first choice for people with dry mouth because they stimulate saliva without exposing teeth to the harmful sugars that cause cavities. The long dissolution time of hard candies ensures a prolonged period of stimulation.
- Sour Flavored Candies: As mentioned, the acidic content of sour candies makes them highly effective at triggering a salivary response. Popular options include lemon, sour cherry, and other citric-flavored candies. However, the acidic content can be tough on tooth enamel, so moderation and choosing sugar-free options are key.
- Mint and Cinnamon Flavored Candies: These flavors are also known for their sialagogue effect, meaning they promote saliva production. The tingling sensation can also provide a refreshing and moistening feel.
- Candies with Xylitol: Xylitol is a sugar alcohol used as a sweetener that not only stimulates saliva but also has antimicrobial properties that can help prevent tooth decay. It works by starving the bacteria that feed on sugar. Many brands of sugar-free gum and mints contain xylitol for this reason.
- Specially Formulated Dry Mouth Candies: Some products, like Zolli® Candy and Cotton Mouth Candy, are specifically designed to relieve dry mouth and often contain xylitol and other hydrating agents.
Potential Downsides of Sugary and Sour Candies
While candy can be a great way to stimulate saliva, it is important to be mindful of the potential negative effects, especially with certain types of candy. Sugary candies, particularly sticky or chewy ones, can cling to teeth and promote bacterial growth and acid production, leading to cavities. Even sour candies, if they contain sugar and are consumed excessively, can increase the risk of tooth enamel erosion due to their high acidity. For this reason, sugar-free or xylitol-containing options are generally recommended for regular use.
Comparison of Saliva-Stimulating Candies
| Candy Type | Primary Stimulant | Dental Impact | Best For | Caveats |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sugar-Free Hard Candy | Sucking action, flavor | Low risk of cavities | Prolonged stimulation | May contain other artificial ingredients |
| Sour Hard Candy (Sugar-Free) | Acidity, flavor | Moderate risk (acid erosion) | Quick and strong response | Can be harsh on enamel with overconsumption |
| Xylitol Mints/Lozenges | Xylitol, flavor, cooling effect | Beneficial (reduces bacteria) | Daily oral health support | Mild laxative effect in large quantities |
| Specially Formulated Dry Mouth Candy | Humectants, xylitol | Generally beneficial | Targeted relief, moisturizing | Can be more expensive |
| Sugary Hard Candy | Sucking action, flavor | High risk (cavities) | Short-term, infrequent use | Should be followed by brushing or rinsing |
Strategies for Maximum Saliva Production
To get the most out of your saliva-stimulating candy, consider these tips:
- Choose the Right Flavor: Opt for flavors that trigger a strong taste response, like citrus, mint, or cinnamon.
- Suck, Don't Chew: The sustained mechanical action of sucking on a hard candy or lozenge is more effective for long-term stimulation than chewing.
- Stay Hydrated: While candy helps, it is not a substitute for proper hydration. Drinking plenty of water throughout the day is crucial for a healthy salivary flow.
- Use Moderation: Even sugar-free and xylitol-based candies should be consumed in moderation. Excessive intake of xylitol can cause digestive upset.
- Brush and Rinse: If you do indulge in a sugary or acidic sour candy, it is best to rinse your mouth with water afterward and wait at least 30 minutes before brushing to avoid damaging softened enamel.
Conclusion
When seeking candy to stimulate saliva, the most effective choices are sugar-free options that utilize sour, mint, or citrus flavors, with xylitol being a particularly beneficial ingredient. The combination of prolonged mechanical action and taste stimulation effectively increases salivary flow, providing relief from dry mouth symptoms. For the best oral health outcomes, prioritizing sugar-free options and maintaining overall good dental hygiene is essential. While traditional sugary and acidic sour candies also trigger salivation, their potential to harm tooth enamel makes them less ideal for regular use compared to their sugar-free counterparts.
Useful Resources
For more detailed information on dry mouth and its management, a helpful resource is the Johns Hopkins Sjögren's Center website, which provides comprehensive advice on various remedies, including the use of candies and lozenges.
What candy stimulates saliva?
- Sour Candy: The acidity in sour candy triggers a strong reflex to produce more saliva, helping to neutralize the acid.
- Sugar-Free Hard Candy: Sucking on hard candies, particularly those that are sugar-free, provides long-lasting mechanical and taste stimulation to the salivary glands.
- Xylitol-Sweetened Mints and Candies: These products use xylitol, a natural sugar alcohol that promotes saliva flow and helps fight harmful bacteria without causing cavities.
- Mint and Cinnamon Flavors: Flavors like mint and cinnamon are effective at stimulating saliva production and providing a refreshing sensation.
- Specially Formulated Dry Mouth Candies: Some brands offer candies specifically designed for dry mouth relief, containing ingredients that boost saliva production and moisture.
Source: Johns Hopkins Sjögren's Center and various studies on salivary stimulation