What is Vitamin K and Why is it Important?
Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for several vital bodily functions, primarily blood clotting and bone health. It helps produce the necessary proteins for coagulation, which stops excessive bleeding from injuries. It also plays a significant role in regulating calcium levels and activating proteins like osteocalcin, which are essential for strong bone mineralization. A balanced diet rich in vitamin K can help prevent deficiencies and support overall health.
The Highest Vitamin K Fruit: A Look at the Contenders
When comparing fruits for their vitamin K content, two stand out: prunes (dried plums) and kiwifruit. The winner often depends on whether you measure by a typical serving size or by weight. Based on the amount per 100 grams, prunes generally have a higher concentration of vitamin K, while a single kiwifruit offers a substantial amount in one item.
Prunes (Dried Plums)
- A half-cup serving of stewed prunes can provide approximately 32 micrograms (mcg) of vitamin K, which is a significant portion of the recommended daily intake.
- Per 100 grams, prunes offer about 60 mcg of phylloquinone (vitamin K1).
- They are also known for their high fiber content, which aids in digestive health.
Kiwifruit
- A single medium-sized kiwifruit can contain around 30 mcg of vitamin K.
- Per 100 grams, green kiwifruit provides approximately 40 mcg of phylloquinone, making it a very dense source.
- Kiwi is also packed with vitamin C and other antioxidants, supporting overall immune function.
Other Notable Vitamin K-Rich Fruits
While prunes and kiwifruit lead the pack, several other fruits offer a decent contribution to your daily vitamin K intake.
- Blackberries: A one-cup serving contains about 29 mcg of vitamin K.
- Blueberries: A cup of blueberries provides approximately 29 mcg of vitamin K.
- Avocado: One California avocado can offer 29 mcg of vitamin K.
- Pomegranate: A half-cup of raw pomegranate arils contains roughly 23 mcg of vitamin K.
- Figs (dried): A half-cup of dried figs provides about 11.6 mcg of vitamin K.
- Grapes: A cup of grapes contains about 22 mcg of vitamin K.
Comparison of Vitamin K in Common Fruits
| Fruit | Serving Size | Approximate Vitamin K (mcg) | % Daily Value (Adults) | Notes | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prunes | 1/2 cup stewed | 32 | ~36% (for women) | Also rich in fiber | 
| Kiwifruit | 1 medium fruit | 30 | ~33% (for women) | High in Vitamin C | 
| Blackberries | 1 cup raw | 29 | ~24% (for women) | Good source of fiber and antioxidants | 
| Blueberries | 1 cup raw | 29 | ~24% (for women) | Antioxidant powerhouse | 
| Avocado | 1 California avocado | 29 | ~24% (for women) | Rich in healthy fats | 
| Pomegranate | 1/2 cup raw arils | 23 | ~19% (for women) | Also provides Vitamin C | 
| Grapes | 1 cup raw | 22 | ~18% (for women) | Rich in antioxidants | 
Beyond Fruit: Other Significant Sources of Vitamin K
While this article focuses on fruit, it's important to recognize that fruits are not the primary source of vitamin K for most people. Dark leafy green vegetables, certain oils, and fermented foods are typically much richer.
- Leafy Greens: Cooked kale and spinach provide exceptionally high amounts of vitamin K.
- Natto: This fermented soybean dish is one of the richest sources of vitamin K2, a form of the vitamin that is more bioavailable than K1 from plants.
- Other Vegetables: Brussels sprouts, broccoli, and cabbage are also good sources of vitamin K.
- Oils: Soybean oil is a significant source of vitamin K1.
Incorporating More Vitamin K-Rich Fruits into Your Diet
There are many simple and delicious ways to enjoy high-vitamin K fruits daily:
- Smoothies: Blend kiwifruit, blueberries, and blackberries with a handful of spinach for a nutrient-packed drink.
- Oatmeal Topping: Stir stewed prunes or fresh berries into your morning oatmeal.
- Salads: Add sliced avocado, grapes, or pomegranate seeds to your salads for flavor and texture.
- Snacks: Enjoy a handful of dried prunes or figs as a convenient and healthy snack.
- Desserts: Use berries or prunes in healthy baked goods like muffins or fruit crumbles.
Conclusion: A Balanced Approach is Key
In conclusion, while leafy greens remain the most potent source of vitamin K, the fruit category is topped by prunes and kiwifruit. However, other berries like blackberries and blueberries, along with avocado and pomegranate, also offer valuable amounts. The best strategy for a healthy diet is to include a variety of these nutrient-dense fruits and vegetables to ensure you meet your daily vitamin K needs. For further information on recommended daily intake and the functions of vitamin K, consult the National Institutes of Health: Vitamin K Fact Sheet.
Disclaimer: Individuals on blood-thinning medications like warfarin should consult a healthcare provider before significantly altering their vitamin K intake, as it can affect medication effectiveness.