Prevalence of Daily Vitamin Use in the United States
Data from the U.S. indicates high rates of vitamin and supplement usage. The 2011–2014 NHANES data showed that 31.2% of U.S. adults aged 19 and older took a multivitamin/mineral (MVM) in the past 30 days. More recent data from 2023 indicates that 74% of U.S. adults take dietary supplements, with 55% being regular users. Usage increases with age, with those 60 and over showing the highest rates (39.4% in 2017–2018). Women also show higher rates of MVM use compared to men (34.0% vs. 28.3% in 2011–2014).
Global Perspectives on Vitamin Supplementation
Supplement use is also prevalent internationally, though rates vary. In the UK, a 2025 report found that about two-thirds of Brits (61%) take supplements daily, with Vitamin D being the most popular. This reflects increased use, potentially due to pandemic-related health awareness. Studies on university students in Iraq showed 29.2% took supplements daily, with 76.5% reporting any vitamin supplement use. In Saudi Arabia, a study found 44.6% of female medical students used vitamin or mineral supplements.
Factors Influencing Daily Vitamin Intake
Several factors contribute to daily vitamin use, including increased health awareness, particularly in the wake of the pandemic. Many individuals take supplements believing their diet is insufficient. Socioeconomic status, with higher income often correlating with increased use, can also play a role. While self-research is common, recommendations from healthcare professionals remain influential.
Comparison of Daily Supplementation Trends
Here's a comparison of daily vitamin supplementation trends:
| Feature | United States (2023) | United Kingdom (2025) | Iraq (Students, 2022) | 
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Supplement Usage | 74% took supplements | >70% took supplements | 76.5% took supplements | 
| Regular / Daily Users | 55% regular users | ~61% daily users | ~29% daily users | 
| Most Popular Supplement | Multivitamins | Vitamin D | Multivitamins | 
| Usage by Age (Older Adults) | 39.4% (60+) | 63% (51-70) | 18-25 years only | 
| Influencing Factor | Overall health, filling gaps | Pandemic awareness, immunity | Immunity, physician advice | 
The Role of Daily Vitamins: Benefits vs. Risks
Daily vitamin use is widespread but has ongoing debate regarding its necessity for those with balanced diets. Supplements are vital for individuals with nutrient deficiencies or restrictive diets. For instance, a study found supplementation helped pregnant U.S. women reduce the risk of inadequate nutrient intake. However, large studies like the Physicians Health Study II have not shown MVMs reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events, and organizations like the American Heart Association advise against their use for disease prevention. Some research, like the COSMOS-Mind trial, suggests MVMs might improve cognitive function in older adults. There is also a risk of exceeding tolerable upper intake levels by taking multiple supplements or consuming fortified foods, which can be harmful. Smokers, for example, should avoid high-dose beta-carotene or vitamin A.
Conclusion: A Diverse and Evolving Landscape
In summary, a significant percentage of people take daily vitamins, especially in countries like the U.S. and UK, but this varies based on age, gender, location, and health beliefs. While vitamins can address specific nutrient gaps, major health bodies generally prioritize obtaining nutrients from a balanced diet over relying solely on supplements for overall health and disease prevention. Therefore, while prevalent, the decision to take daily vitamins should be informed by individual needs and professional guidance.
NIH Office of Dietary Supplements: Multivitamin/mineral Supplements Fact Sheet