The concept of tailoring one's diet to their blood type was popularized by naturopathic physician Dr. Peter J. D'Adamo in his book Eat Right 4 Your Type. According to D'Adamo's theory, blood type A evolved with the transition to agrarian societies, suggesting a natural predisposition towards a vegetarian diet. The theory posits that people with type A blood have lower levels of stomach acid, making it harder to digest animal proteins, and possess sensitive immune systems that thrive on organic, fresh foods. The A+ blood type diet, therefore, heavily emphasizes consuming fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and plant-based proteins, while significantly reducing or eliminating red meat, processed foods, and certain types of dairy. However, it is crucial to note that this theory is widely debated and lacks robust scientific evidence, with many researchers debunking the core premise. Any health benefits are more likely linked to the adoption of a generally healthy, whole-foods-based diet.
Recommended Foods for the A+ Blood Type Diet
Following the recommendations for the blood type A diet means focusing on a rich array of plant-based foods and lean proteins.
Plant-Based Proteins
The diet encourages plant-based protein sources like tofu, tempeh, lentils, aduki beans, black beans, and nuts and seeds such as peanuts, pumpkin seeds, and flaxseeds.
Vegetables and Fruits
Leafy greens like spinach and kale are recommended, along with broccoli and carrots. Alkaline fruits such as berries, plums, figs, and cherries are preferred, and citrus fruits like lemons and grapefruit are considered beneficial.
Whole Grains
Whole grains like quinoa, oats, and brown rice are suggested. Sprouted grain breads are also listed as beneficial choices.
Seafood and Other Proteins
Moderate amounts of cold-water fish like salmon, cod, and mackerel may be included. Some guides also permit small portions of chicken or turkey.
Foods to Limit or Avoid
For A+ individuals following this diet, several food groups are recommended for reduction or elimination.
Red Meat and Pork
Red meats, including beef, pork, and lamb, are to be avoided. This also applies to processed pork products like bacon and ham.
Dairy Products
Most dairy products like cow's milk, cheese, and butter are generally discouraged, with soy alternatives favored. Limited amounts of goat milk, yogurt, and specific cheeses like mozzarella and feta are sometimes noted as exceptions.
Certain Grains and Beans
Specific wheat products and processed cereals are on the list of foods to avoid. Garbanzo, kidney, and lima beans are also recommended against.
Fruits and Condiments
Tropical fruits such as bananas, coconuts, mangoes, and papayas are advised against. Corn, certain vegetable oils, vinegar, and some common condiments should also be avoided.
A Scientific Perspective on the Blood Type Diet
Despite its popularity, the blood type diet lacks broad support from the scientific and medical communities. A systematic review in 2013 found no evidence to validate its health benefits. Critics argue that the central theory about lectins is largely unsubstantiated, and cooking typically inactivates lectins. Studies suggest that any health improvements seen are likely due to the generally healthier eating patterns (reducing processed foods, increasing fruits/vegetables) rather than the blood type itself. Restrictive diets without professional guidance could potentially lead to nutritional deficiencies.
Sample Meal Plan Comparison: A+ Diet vs. Standard Healthy Diet
| Meal | A+ Blood Type Diet Example | Standard Healthy Diet Example |
|---|---|---|
| Breakfast | Tofu scramble with spinach, onions, and carrots, served with a side of sprouted grain toast. | Oatmeal with a variety of nuts, seeds, and berries, and a side of yogurt. |
| Lunch | Vegetarian lentil soup with a salad of mixed greens, beets, and cucumber. | Quinoa salad with grilled chicken, roasted vegetables, and a lemon-tahini dressing. |
| Dinner | Baked salmon with steamed broccoli and brown rice. | Turkey meatballs with whole wheat pasta and a tomato-based sauce. |
| Snack | A handful of almonds and a plum. | An apple with peanut butter. |
Conclusion: Making Informed Dietary Choices
While the blood type diet offers a structured approach for those with A+ blood, it's crucial to view it critically. The focus on whole, unprocessed, plant-based foods aligns with general healthy eating principles. However, scientific evidence does not support a specific link between blood type and dietary needs. Any observed health benefits are likely due to overall healthier food choices, not the blood type. Always consult a registered dietitian or healthcare professional before making significant dietary changes to ensure a balanced and sustainable plan. For more on the scientific findings, refer to the review in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
Blood type diets lack supporting evidence: a systematic review